1984-2015年河北省石家庄市肾综合征出血热流行特征分析  

Analysis of the epidemiological characteristics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Shijiazhuang City of Hebei Province, 1984 - 2015

作　　者：赵树青[1] 万丽[1] 庞志钊[1] 张世勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]石家庄市疾病预防控制中心流行病防治所,石家庄050011

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2017年第12期912-915,共4页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

基　　金：河北省医学科学研究重点课题（20150922）

摘　　要：目的探索肾综合征出血热（HFRS）发病流行规律，寻找有效控制其流行的防控措施。方法采用资料回顾性方法，收集1984—2015年石家庄市HFRS监测资料，将1984—2015年分成1984—1993、1994—2003和2004—2015年3个时期，分析不同时期HFRS时间、地区、人群发病的变化情况，并按季节对HFRS病例的时间分布进行分析。结果1984—2015年，石家庄市累积报告HFRS 12692例，年平均发病率为4．94／10万，死亡56例。期间发生两次流行高峰，分别为1986和1999年，发病率达16．14／10万、14．25／10万。1998—2002年维持在较高水平，年均发病率达12．21／10万，之后呈快速下降趋势，2011—2015年一直维持在较低水平，年均发病率为0．26／10万。42．91％（5446／12692）的病例发病时间集中在春季；90．44％（11479／12692）的病例地区分布集中在石家庄市东半部的11个县（市、区）。病例以男性青壮年为主，男女性别比为2．43：1．00（8997／3695），成年占93．20％（11829／12692），职业分布以农民和工人为主，分别占70．91％（9000／12692）和11．13％（1413／12692）。结论石家庄市HFRS疫情总体呈下降趋势，近年维持在平稳状态，但病例分布广，分布不均衡．呈地域性；流行高峰为春季，应开展有针对性的科学防控措施。Objective To understand the epidemiologieal characteristics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome （HFRS） in Shijiazhuang City, and to provide scientific evidence for finding available prevention and control measures against the disease. Methods Using data retrospective method, the monitoring data of HFRS in Shijiazhuang from 1984 to 2015 were collected and divided into 1984 - 1993, 1994 - 2003 and 2004 - 2015 periods. The incidence changes of HFRS in time, district and population in different periods were analyzed, and the time distribution of HFRS cases was analyzed on a seasonal basis. Results A cumulative total of 12 692 cases （accounting for 4.94/100 000） of HFRS, including 56 deaths, were reported in Shijiazhuang from 1984 to 2015. The particular years with the two peeks of HFRS epidemic were 1986 and 1999, the incidences of HFRS were 16.14/ 100 000 and 14.25/100 000, respectively. The incidence of HFRS maintained at a high level from 1998 to 2002, the average annual incidence was 12.21/100 000. And then, the incidence of HFRS declined quickly. The incidence of HFRS in Shijiazhuang kept at a lower level in 2011 - 2015, the average annual incidence was 0.26/100 000. 42.91% （5 446/12 692） of cases mainly occurred in spring; 90.44% （11 479/12 692） of cases were concentrated in 11 counties （cities, districts） of the eastern part of Shijiazhuang. Most cases were young males, the ratio of males to females was 2.43 ： 1.00 （8 997/3 695）, and 93.20% （11 829/12 692） of them were adults. The majority of the cases were framers, accounting for 70.91% （9 000/12 692）, and the second large group was workers, accounting for 11.13% （1 413/12 692）. Conclusions Overall, the incidence rate of HFRS has reduced continuously and maintained at a low level in recent years; epidemic areas are widely distributed, but in uneven distribution, and presented with obvious regional characteristics; these cases have mainly occurred in spring. The specific measures for control and prevention of HFRS sho

关 键 词：肾综合征出血热 疾病流行 发病率 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学] R512.8[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]