宪法环境权条款的实证考察  

An Empirical Study of Environmental Rights Clause in Constitution

作　　者：吴卫星[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学法学院,江苏南京210093

出　　处：《南京工业大学学报（社会科学版）》2017年第4期80-88,共9页Journal of Nanjing Tech University：Social Science Edition

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(12JJD820010);江苏省社会科学基金项目(13FXB002)

摘　　要：环境权是当代社会一项重要的宪法权利,通过对194个国家宪法条文的研究和归纳,发现有85个国家的宪法有环境权的明文规定。环境权具有超越地域、法系、国家性质和国家发展程度而成为普遍性权利之趋势,有的国家宪法"绿化"程度更深,不仅规定了公民的环境权,并且确认了环境本身的权利或者自然的权利。越来越多的国家在宪法中承认了环境权的可诉性,根据宪法所设立的国家人权机构亦能为包括环境权在内的宪法基本权利提供司法救济以外的保护和救济。Environmental right is an important constitutional right in contemporary society. With a research and summary of the constitutional items of 194 nations, we found that 85 countries have stipulated environmental rights in their constitutions. The development of environmental right has shown a universal tendency of rights be-yond region,law system,nature of state,and development level. In some countries,constitution is ＂greener＂, not only stipulating the environmental rights of citizens, but also confirming the environmental rights itself or the rights of nature. More and more countries have acceptedthe justiciability of environmental right in their constitu-tions so that national human rights institutions established according to the constitutions can also provide judicial- protection and remedy system beyond the basic rights.

关 键 词：环境权 环境权入宪 环境权可诉性 国家人权机构 

分 类 号：D912.6[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]