烤烟成熟期降雨对烟叶常规化学成分的影响  

Effects of Rainfall on Conventional Chemical Components of Tobacco Leaves in Mature Stage

作　　者：李杰[1] 徐兴阳[1] 张龙 端永明[1] 杨正权[3] 李金明 龙树花 

机构地区：[1]云南省烟草公司昆明市公司,云南昆明650051 [2]中国烟草总公司云南省公司,云南昆明650011 [3]云南省烟草公司昆明市公司寻甸分公司,云南寻甸655200

出　　处：《昆明学院学报》2017年第6期7-12,共6页Journal of Kunming University

基　　金：中国烟草总公司云南省公司资助项目(2017YN12)

摘　　要：为正确评估烟叶原料年度间的稳定性,探索烤烟成熟期降雨对烟叶主要化学成分的影响.在石林、寻甸两地三点同步开展遮雨设施栽培试验,分析不同处理中上部烟叶7项主要化学成分指标的变化规律.结果表明:1)成熟期适当减少降雨对烟叶品质的形成有利,表现为烟叶烟碱、总氮和石油醚提取物含量有增加趋势,总糖、淀粉含量和糖碱比有下降趋势,但对两糖差的影响不明显.2)以烤烟打顶后10 d开始减少降雨量的效果较好,而现蕾期开始减少降雨量的效果次之,但若移栽后持续少雨对烟叶品质的形成则不利.研究进一步明确了降雨量和降雨时期对烟叶品质形成的影响,并根据气候变化为评估年度间烟叶各项化学指标稳定性提供了科学依据.To get correct evaluation of the annual stability of tobacco leaf raw materials, the effect of rainfall on the main chemical com-ponents of flue-cured tobacco at maturity stage was studied. The cultivation experiments of rain shelter facilities were carried out at three test fields in Shilin and Xundian, and the variation rule of 7 main chemical components in middle and upper leaves of different treat-ments was analyzed. The results show that： 1） Appropriate rainfall reduction is beneficial to tobacco leaf quality, which representedas the mass fraction of the extracts of nicotine, total nitrogen and petroleum ether increased, while the mass fraction of total sugar content, starch content and ratio of total sugar to nicotine decreased, but it had no obvious effect on two sugar differences. 2） Reducing rainfall after topping for 10 d has better effect; reducing rainfall in bud stage is the second. However, it would be harmful to the quality of to-bacco leaves if the continuous low rain after transplanting. This study further clarified the effects of rainfall and rainfall periods on the formation of tobacco quality, and provided scientific basis for evaluating the stability of various chemical indexes of tobacco leaves under climate change.

关 键 词：烤烟 成熟期 降雨 化学成分 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]