养殖池塘太阳能供电智能增氧系统设计研究  

Study on design of solar powered intelligent oxygen-increasing system in aquaculture ponds

作　　者：杨世凤[1] 王玉鹏 李欢欢[1] 赵继民[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津科技大学电子信息与自动化学院,天津300222

出　　处：《渔业现代化》2017年第6期68-72,共5页Fishery Modernization

基　　金：天津市农业科技成果转化与推广项目(201502360)

摘　　要：针对水产养殖存在的自动化水平低、增氧设备耗能高以及太阳能利用技术普及不足等现状,设计了一套以太阳能为主要动力来源的水产养殖智能增氧系统。通过研究太阳能供电系统各部分的组成结构、运行方式及特点,结合选定地点的太阳能资源情况,分析不同情形下太阳能的辐射强度,确定光伏阵列容量,计算系统每日发电量与负载用电量的匹配情况,以达到太阳能电池板容量的优化配置,并将其应用于智能供氧系统。系统采用基于ATmega128单片机的硬件电路,以及软件程序设计,运用电导增量法、三阶段式充电法、逆变电路等技术实现最大功率点的跟踪、蓄电池的智能充放电、逆变器SPWM控制、供电源自动切换和增氧设备自动启停等主要功能。结果显示,该系统能有效提高鱼塘增氧效率、降低养殖成本,实现水产养殖的环保化和自动化。结果表明:该系统运行稳定、可靠、节省电能,能提高水体溶氧,可满足节能、环保的要求。In view of the low-level automatization,high energy-consumption oxygen-increasing equipment and low popularity of solar power technologies in the aquaculture industry,an intelligent oxygen-increasing system for aquaculture mainly based on solar energy was designed. In this paper,the solar radiation intensity under various situations was analyzed; the PV array capacity was determined; the daily power generation capacity and the power consumption were calculated to get the matching situations between them so as to achieve the optimal allocation of solar panel capacity and apply it to the intelligent oxygen-increasing system,by the study of the composition,operation mode and characteristics of each part of the solar power supply system along with the solar energy resources of selected locations. The system adopted the design of the hardware circuit and software program based on the ATmega128 single-chip microcomputer,and the techniques of incremental conductance,three-stage charging,inverter circuit,etc. to achieve the maximum power point tracking,intelligent battery charging and discharging,inverter SPWM control,automatic switching power supply,automatic start-stop of oxygen equipment,etc. The results showed that the system can effectively increase the oxygen-increasing efficiency in fish ponds,reduce the aquaculture cost,achieve the environmental protection,and automation of aquaculture. The system has already entered into trial and the trial results proved that the system is stable and reliable,which can improve the oxygen dissolution level in the water,thus satisfying the requirements of energy saving and environmental protection.

关 键 词：水产养殖 太阳能 电导增量法 逆变器 ATMEGA128单片机 

分 类 号：S969.321[农业科学—水产养殖]