中国固体废物进口的现状及监管问题分析  

Regulation for imported solid waste in China

作　　者：刘学之[1] 张婷 孙鑫 沈凤武 尚玥佟[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学经济管理学院,北京100029 [2]北京环境卫生工程集团,北京100067

出　　处：《科技导报》2017年第22期86-91,共6页Science & Technology Review

基　　金：国家重点研发计划专项(2016YFF0204400);北京市哲学社会科学基金项目(14JGB040);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(PTRW1710)

摘　　要：进口固体废物虽然可部分解决资源短缺问题,但进口量居高不下会带来诸多环境问题及健康隐患。从固体废物进口量及主要来源地等方面盘点了中国固体废物进口的现状,分析了固体废物进口产生的经济、环境及社会影响,从立法现状与监管机制方面剖析了固体废物进口监管存在的环保批文倒卖现象、进口固体废物目录漏洞、固体废物进口鉴别难度大、走私固体废物现象猖獗、不合格固体废物处置难度大等问题,提出了构筑进口产权交易制度、对接国际HS编码、明确固体废物鉴别职责、加强国际合作等政策建议。Recent years see a high Chinese annual imports of solid waste. It is related to the shortage of resources in China in some extent,and it brings about a lot of environmental and health problems. This paper reviews the status of the imported solid waste from the aspects of both quantities and sources of the imported solid waste, as well as its economic and environmental influences. In view of the current situation of legislation and supervision mechanism, this paper analyzes the existing problems in the supervision of the imported solid waste,the reselling environmental approval, the loopholes of the import of the solid waste directory, the difficulties of the import solid waste identification, the smuggling, and the degree of difficulties of the substandard solid waste disposal etc. Finally, a series of measures are put forward to regulate the order of imports of the solid waste market, such as the construction of the import property right trading system, the reference to the international HS code, a clear identification of responsibilities, to expand the international platform for the international cooperation.

关 键 词：固体废物 洋垃圾 进口监管 环境影响 

分 类 号：F713.2[经济管理—产业经济] F752.61