近代马来西亚与新加坡会员图书馆研究  

Research on Subscription Libraries in Modern Malaysia and Singapore

作　　者：刘雯[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学图书馆,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《图书馆建设》2017年第12期90-96,共7页Library Development

摘　　要：18世纪末19世纪初,英国占领马来西亚、新加坡地区以后,参照本国模式,在槟城、新加坡、马六甲、吉隆坡等城市开设了一些会员图书馆,为英国侨民提供消遣读物和参考资料。在一个半世纪的发展过程中,会员图书馆经历了会员独立经营、政府与会员合作经营以及转型为公共图书馆3个阶段。其特点有:藏书建设兼顾学术性与娱乐性,逐渐重视本土语言文献的收集;读者服务向非会员人群拓展,并注意发挥"场所"的价值;会员组成由英国人和当地精英为主过渡到以普通民众为主,日益本土化。会员图书馆保存了大量珍贵马来地方文献,奠定了马来西亚、新加坡地区公共图书馆事业的基础,其运营模式和发展经验对我国当代民营图书馆具有借鉴意义。Since British occupation of Malaysia and Singapore in the late 18th and early 19th century, a number of subscription libraries were set up in such cities as Penang, Singapore, Malacca and Kuala Lurnpur according to their British counterparts to provide recreation and reference for British nationals. During the 150 years＇ development, they had gone through three stages： independent management, co-operation operation and reorganization. Subscription libraries had three characteristics. First, recreational and academic needs were both taken into account in collection development. In the later stage, vernacular collection was expanded forcefully. Second, reading services were provided for non-members on the basis of fully meeting the members＇ needs while the role of ＂space＂ was emphasized. Lastly, membership makeup experienced the transfer from the British and local elites to ordinary people in the main. Subscription libraries retained a large number of vauable Malaysian local literature. They had laid the foundation for the development of public librarianship of Malaysia and Singapore. Their operation mode and development experiences can provide reference for the construction of private-owned libraries in contemporary China.

关 键 词：会员图书馆 殖民地图书馆 图书馆史 马来西亚 新加坡 

分 类 号：G259.1[文化科学—图书馆学]