国内荷斯坦种公牛HH4遗传缺陷基因筛查  

Carrier Screening for Genetic Defect HH4 in Chinese Holstein Bulls

作　　者：劳兰兰 吕小青[2] 刘林[2] 肖炜 张毅[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物科技学院,北京100193 [2]北京奶牛中心,北京100192 [3]北京市畜牧总站,北京1001070

出　　处：《中国畜牧杂志》2017年第12期33-36,共4页Chinese Journal of Animal Science

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD28B02);北京市奶牛产业创新团队项目(BAIC06-2017);现代农业(奶牛)产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-37)

摘　　要：HH4是新近在荷斯坦牛中发现的一种遗传缺陷,其分子机理为牛1号染色体上的GART基因编码区内的1个A/C错义突变。该遗传缺陷呈隐性遗传、突变等位基因纯合时,导致胚胎早期死亡。本研究针对HH4建立了基于PCR-RFLP技术的分子检测方法。结果表明:通过对466头国内荷斯坦种公牛进行基因筛查,发现6头携带者,均可以追溯到共同的祖先公牛Besne Buck。建议我国今后进口荷斯坦种牛时,对个体进行系谱分析和遗传缺陷基因分子检测,避免引入有害基因;同时,对国内现有荷斯坦公牛群体进行HH4筛查,明确标注每头公牛的携带状态,以便在生产实践中合理选种选配。HH4 is an autosomal recessively inherited disorder recently identified in Holstein cattle. The molecular mechanism of HH4 has been identified as a A/C missense mutation in GART gene on chromosome I（BTA1）, which leads to loss of gene function. The embryo with homozygous defective alleles will die during early pregnancy. In the current study, a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism （PCR-RFLP） method was established to detect carriers of HH4 in 466 Chinese Holstein bulls. As a result, six carrier were identified, indicating a low frequency of HH4 carriers in Chinese Holstein population. In order to reduce economic loss caused by HH4, pedigree analysis and molecular assay should be performed before the genetic materials of Holstein cattle are introduced into China. Meanwhile, all active Chinese Holstein bulls should be routinely screened for HH4 and labeled in the pedigree, which allows a more effective mating program.

关 键 词：荷斯坦牛 遗传缺陷 HH4 PCR-RFLP 

分 类 号：S823.2[农业科学—畜牧学]