膜孔灌微咸水矿化度对棉花苗期生长影响  

Effects of Brackish Water Salinity on Cotton Seedling Growth Under Film Hole Irrigation

作　　者：马超 胡浩云[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北工程大学水利水电学院,河北邯郸056021

出　　处：《人民珠江》2017年第12期77-81,共5页Pearl River

摘　　要：利用微咸水灌溉是农业用水开源节流的主要方式之一,将微咸水与其先进的灌溉方法相结合,可高效利用有限的水资源。将微咸水和膜孔灌相结合,通过不同矿化度的微咸水膜孔灌棉花灌溉试验,研究了膜孔灌下微咸水矿化度对土壤水盐运移特征及棉花苗期的影响。试验微咸水矿化度处理包括2、3、5、7和0 g/L(CK),统一灌水量为2 m3/hm2。试验结果显示:微咸水矿化度大于5 g/L时,棉花出苗率随矿化度的增加而减小,叶片净光合速率和蒸腾速率随着微咸水矿化度的增加而逐渐降低,但矿化度为0~5 g/L的灌溉微咸水对棉花苗期生长的影响不明显;随着微咸水矿化度的增加,土壤电导率也在增加,土壤含水率随着土层深度的增大而逐渐减小。上述结果表明,矿化度大于5 g/L的灌溉微咸水能显著影响棉花苗期生长。这对微咸水膜孔灌在棉花种植方面的应用有积极的意义。The utilization of brackish water for irrigation is one of the main methods to solve the shortage of water resources.This paper studied the impact of brackish water on soil and water-salt movements and the emergence rate of cotton at different salinities(2、3、5、7、0 g/L(CK)) through the film hole irrigation test.The results showed that,firstly,the cotton emergence rate significantly decreased with the increase of salinity(> 5 g/L),however the salinity(0 ~ 5 g/L) barely affected the cotton seedling growth.Secondly,the leaf net photosynthetic rate(Pn) and transpiration rate(E) gradually decreased with the increasing salinity brackish water.Thirdly,the soil salinity increased with the increase of salinity brackish water.And as time goes on,soil salinity gradually moved downward.The results showed that high salinity of brackish water would impact on cotton seedling growth.The results had a significance on cotton plantation with brackish water film hole irrigation.

关 键 词：微咸水 水盐运移 棉花苗期 植物生理 

分 类 号：TV93[水利工程—水利水电工程]