财政支出、贸易开放与收入分配  

Fiscal Expenditure,Trade Openness and Income Distribution

作　　者：胡文骏[1] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学经济学院财政系

出　　处：《财贸经济》2017年第12期35-50,共16页Finance & Trade Economics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金"公共服务非均等化;逆向财政机制与收入差距"(71373220);厦门大学经济学院财政系研究生科研创新项目"逆向财政机制与城乡收入差距"

摘　　要：作为收入再分配的政策工具,财政支出无法改变贸易开放所带来的初次收入分配不公,而贸易开放对财政支出规模的影响又将扭曲财政支出的收入分配效应。实证研究表明:(1)整体上看,财政支出、贸易开放均显著扩大了收入差距;(2)任何预算结构、支出类别的财政支出均无法显著影响贸易开放规模,这表明财政支出无法通过影响贸易开放规模来间接影响其收入分配效应;(3)贸易开放将显著抑制公共财政预算支出规模,以及不同类别的财政总支出规模,这表明贸易开放能够通过影响财政支出规模来间接影响其收入分配效应。因此,贸易开放将在一定程度上限制、扭曲财政支出的收入分配效应。在不断优化财政支出收入分配调节能力的同时,也要充分认识到其有限性。As a policy tool of income redistribution, fiscal expenditure cannot change the unfair of primary distribution caused by trade openness. Moreover, trade openness will affect the scale of fiscal expenditure and even its income redistribution effect. This empirical analysis shows that： （1）fiscal expenditure extends income gap on the whole, and trade openness worsens income distribution overall; （2）whatever budget structure and expenditure category, fiscal expenditure cannot affect the scale of trade openness, which means that fiscal expenditure cannot transform trade openness＇ income distribution effect; （3） trade openness can reduce the scale of public finance expenditure and most categories＇ fiscal expenditure, which means that trade openness can transform fiscal expenditure＇s income redistribution effect. Therefore, trade openness will limit and distort fiscal expenditure＇s income redistribution effect. We should recognize that the finiteness of fiscal expenditure＇s ability to adjust the unfair of income distribution.

关 键 词：财政支出 贸易开放 收入分配 预算结构 支出类别 

分 类 号：F126.2[经济管理—世界经济] F752.6F812.45