基于栖息地指数模型的毛里塔尼亚头足类底拖网渔场研究  

Study on fishing ground of bottom trawl based on the habitat suitability model in Mauritania

作　　者：陈程[1,2] 陈新军 雷林[1,2,3,4] 汪金涛 刘大鹏[5] 徐良琦 黄建忠[5] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [2]远洋渔业协同创新中心,上海201306 [3]大洋渔业资源可持续开发省部共建教育部重点实验室,上海201306 [4]国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心,上海201306 [5]上海水产集团总公司,上海200090

出　　处：《上海海洋大学学报》2017年第6期939-945,共7页Journal of Shanghai Ocean University

基　　金：上海市科技创新行动计划(14DZ1205000);国家科技支撑计划(2013BAD13B01)

摘　　要：毛里塔尼亚专属经济区是我国西非过洋性渔业底拖网渔船的主要作业海域之一。本研究根据2010—2015年上海某远洋渔业公司的底拖网渔船生产数据,结合卫星遥感获得的表温和海面高度等数据,利用栖息地指数方法,采用几何平均模型和算术平均模型对毛里塔尼亚底拖网渔场进行了比较研究。结果显示,毛里塔尼亚海域底拖网作业的时间为1—4月和7—12月。各月基于表温、海面高度距平值和海底水深的适应性指数表明渔场的适宜海洋环境范围有差异。AMM模型中,HSI大于0.6的作业网次比例为76.10%,作业产量比例为78.66%,平均网次产量随着HSI的增加逐渐增大,从HSI为0~0.2时的29.37 kg/网次,增加到HSI为0.8~1.0时的47.20 kg/网次;GMM模型中,作业网次所占比例只有66.71%,作业产量比例为71.18%,平均网次产量随HIS的增加没有呈现合理的规律。本研究认为AMM模型更加适合于毛里塔尼亚底拖网渔场的预报。Mauritania is one of the main fishing areas of Chinese bottom trawlers.In this study,based on the fishing statistical data of bottom trawlers from Shanghai distant-water fishery company during 2010 to 2015,combined with the satellite remote sensing data such as sea surface temperature（SST） and sea surface height anomaly（SSHA）,the method of habitat suitability index including the geometric model and arithmetic average model was used to study the fishing ground of Mauritania bottom trawl fishery.The studies suggest that the fishing seasons are from Jan.to April and from July to December in Mauritania bottom trawling.The monthly suitability index was established based on the relationship between fishing nets and SST,SSHA and sea depth,and there are differences among different months for appropriate scope of marine environment.For AMM model,in the fishing areas in which HSI is greater than 0.6,the percentage of fishing nets and catch reached 76.10% and 78.66% of the total,and the average catch of fishing net gradually increased with the increase of HSI,from 29.37 kg/fishing net with the HIS value of 0-0.2 to 47.20 kg/fishing net with the HIS value of 0.8-1.0.For GMM model,in the fishing areas in which HSI is greater than 0.6,the percentage of fishing nets and catch reached 66.71% and 71.18% of the total,and the monthly average catch of fishing net time did not show a reasonable rule.The results indicated that AMM model is more suitable for forecasting fishing ground in Mauritania bottom trawl fishery.

关 键 词：栖息地指数 毛里塔尼亚 底拖网渔场 头足类 

分 类 号：S931.4[农业科学—渔业资源]