镉-钙交互作用对植物的生态学效应  

The Interaction of Cadmium and Calcium and Its Ecological Effects on Plants

作　　者：李涛[1] 李光照 梅馨月[1] 赵玉娇 殷丽 朱晓彬 刘贤鹏 祖艳群[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学资源与环境学院,昆明650201

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2017年第32期77-80,共4页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41261096);"石灰介导下三七对镉胁迫的根部响应特征及机理研究"(31560163);云南省科技创新团队建设项目(2017HC015)

摘　　要：镉(Cd)由于其高毒性和易迁移的特点成为环境中最重要的有毒重金属之一,钙(Ca)作为植物必需元素,参与植物细胞代谢的调节和信号转导。为了明晰植物中Cd和Ca交互作用的机理,并有效的利用二者之间的相互关系,为重金属污染土壤的防治提供理论基础。笔者在广泛查阅了国内外研究和文献的基础上,总结了镉-钙交互作用对植物生态学效应为:(1)在植物的吸收过程中,Cd和Ca存在拮抗关系。一方面Cd和能抑制植物对Ca的吸收,使植物的生长受限;另外一方面Ca能抑制植物对Cd的吸收来缓解镉毒害。(2)施加外源Ca能够促进Cd毒害下植物的生长和光合色素的合成。(3)在调节抗氧化酶活性过程中,施加外源钙能够增强植物的抗氧化酶活性来降低氧化损伤。因此,镉钙交互作用下对植物生长、光合色素、抗氧化酶活性的影响过程中均存在拮抗作用。Cadmium is one of the most important toxicity elements due to its high toxicity and mobility, calcium is one of the essential elements for plant growth and it plays an important role in the regulation of plant cell metabolism and signal transduction. To understand the interaction mechanism of cadmium-calcium on plants, effectively use the relationship between Cd and Ca, and provide a scientific foundation for preventing and controlling heavy metals contamination, the authors reviewed the ecological effects of cadmium-calcium interaction on plants by consulting references at home and abroad, which included： （1） in the process of plant uptake, cadmium and calcium had antagonistic relationship; on the one hand, Cd could inhibit the absorption of Ca to limit the growth of plants; on the other hand, Ca could inhibit the absorption of Cd by plants to relieve cadmium toxicity; （2） the application of exogenous Ca could promote plant growth and the synthesis of photosynthetic pigments under Cd toxicity; （3） in the process of regulating the activities of antioxidant enzymes, the application of exogenous Ca could enhance antioxidant enzyme activities to reduce oxidative damage. Thus, the effects of cadmium and calcium on plant growth, photosynthetic pigments and antioxidant enzyme activities were antagonistic.

关 键 词：镉 钙 交互作用 生态学效应 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]