高种植密度条件下玉米杂交种耐密性鉴选指标及评价方法  

Indexes Screening and Comprehensive Evaluation of Density Tolerance of Maize Hybrid under Higher Planting Density

作　　者：王富贵[1] 于晓芳[1] 高聚林[1] 王志刚[1] 孙继颖[1] 苏治军[1] 胡树平[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学,呼和浩特010019

出　　处：《玉米科学》2017年第6期119-126,共8页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31560360);国家科技支撑计划(2013BAD07B04);国家玉米产业技术体系(CARS-02-63);华北黄土高原地区作物栽培科学观测实验站(25204120)

摘　　要：采用种植密度8.25万株/hm^2和10.5万/hm^2两个种植密度,以28个玉米杂交种为材料,测定植株形态、物质积累、光合特性、穗部性状及单株产量等相关指标,探讨准确有效鉴定玉米杂交种的耐密性指标及方法。利用相对值变异系数较大的指标作为杂交种耐密性强弱的鉴选和评价指标,再利用以指标归一化的变异系数作为权重的模糊隶属函数综合评价方法对28个玉米杂交种的耐密性进行评价。结果表明,以各指标相对值的变异系数(CV≥15%)为标准,筛选出相对茎粗、相对SPAD值、相对Pn、相对干物质量、相对秃尖长、相对行粒数和相对单株产量7个主要指标作为耐密性的评价指标。以7个主要指标归一化变异系数为权重对28个杂交种的耐密性进行模糊隶属函数综合评价,筛选出耐密性较强的杂交种为利民33、登海618、瑞普908、华美1号、KWS2564等,耐密性较弱的杂交种四单19、科河8号、丰田6号、陇单339等。利用主成分分析法进一步验证,得出耐密性强和耐密性弱的前5个品种的重合度均为90%。In order to find out the density tolerance indexes and accurate and effective methods for determining the maize hybrid varieties, this research adopts the planting density of 82 500 plants/ha, which was adopted in pro- duction practice, and 105 000 plants/ha. Plant morphology, matter accumulation, photosynthetic characteristics, panicle traits and yield of 13 related indicators, were determinated in 28 maize hybrids. Their density tolerance was evaluated using the relative variation coefficient of indicators and further using index variation coefficient of normal- ized as weight fuzzy, comprehensive evaluation method of membership grade function. The results showed that seven major indicators： relative stem diameter, relative SPAD value, relative Po, relative dry matter weight and relative bald tip length, relative kernel per row and relative grain yield of plant, were screen out as evaluation index for den- sity tolerance, using the index of relative coefficient of variation （CV≥15%） as the standard. Using seven main index normalized weight coefficient of variation and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation（the membership function）, the 28 hy- brid varieties could be graded as 3 group： Limin33, Denghai618, Ruipu908, Huameil and KWS2564 etc. as stron- ger density tolerance, Sidan 19, KeheS, Fengtian6, Longdan339 etc. as weaker density tolerance. The contact ratio was 90% in the first five stronger varieties and weaker varieties for density tolerance.

关 键 词：玉米 耐密性 指标筛选 模糊隶属函数 

分 类 号：S513.047[农业科学—作物学]