枇杷幼果雨雪冻害的理化响应  

The Physiochemical Response of Young Loquat Fruit to Freeze Injury

作　　者：常晓晓[1] 陆育生 林志雄[1] 潘建平[1] 邱继水[1] 唐振强 

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院果树研究所/农业部南亚热带果树生物学与遗传资源利用重点实验室/广东省热带亚热带果树研究重点实验室,广州510640 [2]河源市龙川县东网枇杷种植场,广东河源517300

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2017年第31期68-73,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：广东省省级科技计划项目"枇杷果实形成的生境胁迫效应与调控"(2014A020216021);"枇杷柑橘栽种技术示范推广"(2017A020225021)

摘　　要：为了探究-3℃~0℃区间枇杷幼果受冻原因,雨雪天气后采集套袋处理或树冠是否覆膜保护的未受冻和受冻果实,检查其受冻情况和检测其游离脯氨酸等理化指标。结果表明:树冠覆膜保护的果实未受冻,树冠未覆膜的果实、经过雨雪淋洗后受冻;果实套袋处理,悬空于袋内的果实未受冻、与袋子贴近的果实受到冻害;受冻果实的游离脯氨酸含量显著高于未受冻果实;套袋受冻果实的丙二醛含量显著高于未受冻果实,而覆膜和未覆膜果实的丙二醛含量无显著差异;SOD、POD、PPO的活性在未覆膜果实和覆膜果实之间差异显著,未覆膜果实中三者的活性较高,然而这3种酶的活性在套袋果中活性较低,套袋受冻果实和未受冻果实之间无显著差异。本研究表明,不同形态(气液固)的低温传导介质,是导致枇杷幼果在-3℃~0℃区间是否受冻的主要原因,液固态低温传导介质才会导致枇杷幼果受冻,游离脯氨酸含量或许是鉴别枇杷果实是否受冻的关键理化指标。The paper aims to study the cause of frost damage of young loquat fruit in temperature range from -3℃ to 0℃. After rain and snow weather, fruits showed freeze injury and those without injury by treatments ofbagging and covering with plastic film were collected to check the freezing condition and detect the content offree proline and other physiochemical indexes. The results showed that： fruits covered with plastic film wereprotected from cold, and fruits without plastic film protection were exposed to rain and snow showed freezeinjury; in the treatment of bagging, the fruit parts without contacting the bag were not injured, while the partsclose to the bag showed freeze injury; the content of free proline in fruits with freeze injury was significantlyhigher than that of fruits without injury; the MDA content in bagging fruits with freeze injury was significantlyhigher than that of bagging fruits without injury, while the MDA content showed no significant differencebetween fruits with or without plastic film covering; the activities of SOD, POD and PPO all showed significantdifferences between fruits with or without plastic film covering, and they were all higher in fruits withoutcovering; however, their activities were all very low in bagging fruits, and showed no significant difference between the freeze injured bagging fruits and no injured fruits. The results suggest that in the temperaturerange from -3 to 0℃, the low temperature conductive medium of different forms（air, liquid and solid） may bethe main cause of freeze injury in young loquat fruit, and the liquid and solid conductive medium will lead tofreeze injury. The content of free proline in loquat fruit may be the key index to identify whether the fruit is freeze injured.

关 键 词：枇杷 薄膜覆盖 冻害 套袋 

分 类 号：S667.3[农业科学—果树学]