山桐子的地理分布及其潜在适宜栽培区区划  

Geographic Distribution and Regionalization of Potential Suitable Cultivated Area for Idesia polycarpa

作　　者：刘芙蓉[1,2] 罗建勋 杨马进[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省林业科学研究院林业研究所,四川成都610081 [2]成都理工大学地球科学学院,四川成都610059

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2017年第6期1028-1033,共6页Forest Research

基　　金：山桐子高产;高含油良种选育与栽培示范(2015BAD15B02);四川省科技计划项目"木本油料突破性新品种选育;育种材料与方法创新"(2016NYZ0035-06);四川省植物资源共享平台建设项目(TJPT20160021)

摘　　要：[目的]为探明山桐子的地理分布范围和潜在适宜栽培区划,[方法]本文基于气候、海拔和土壤因子数据集,结合野生山桐子地理分布数据,利用最大熵模型(Maxent)进行山桐子潜在适宜栽培区预测和区划。[结果]表明:山桐子的水平分布范围为23°10'35°30'N,102°45'121°40'E,垂直分布点位于海拔14 2 500 m。温度和降雨对山桐子分布的影响较大,而土壤条件次之,这与山桐子耐贫瘠的特性相一致。山桐子分布区的适宜年均气温为13 21℃,适宜年降水量为800 1 800 mm,适宜越冬的极端最低气温为-3 8℃,适宜越夏的极端最高气温为34℃。山桐子的潜在最适宜和较高适宜栽培区主要分布在四川盆周山区、大巴山、武陵山、苗岭、雪峰山、武功山、武夷山、九连山、戴云山、大别山、伏牛山、云贵高原以东、大瑶山和云开大山以北地区;四川盆中丘陵区、两湖平原和鄱阳湖平原地区为一般适宜区。[结论]本文阐明了山桐子在我国的地理分布范围和主要气候特征,并采用Maxent进行了山桐子潜在分布区预测和适宜栽培区区划,为我国山桐子的推广栽培提供指导依据。[Objective] To explore the Geographic distribution and regionalization of potential suitable cultivated area for Idesia polycarpa. [Method] Based on the data of climate, altitude and soil, as well as the natural distribution of I. polycarpa, Maxent model was applied to predict the suitable cultivated area for I. polycarpa. [Result] The horizontal distribution of I. polycarpa, naturally ranges from 23°10＇N to 35°30＇N, 102°45＇E to 121°40＇E, and the elevation of distribution area ranges from 14 m to 2 500 m. Temperature and precipitation are the dominant factors affecting the distribution of I. polycarpa, followed by soil. This result is in accordance with the leanness-resistant characteristic. The suitable annual mean temperature and annual precipitation for the growth of I. polycarpa are 13-21℃ and 800-1 800 mm, respectively. The suitable mean temperature of the coldest month and the max temperature of the warmest month are -3-8℃ and 34℃, respectively. The potential cultivated regions of I. polycarpa with high suitability are Daba, Wuling, Miaoling, Xuefeng, Wugong, Wuyi, Jiulian, Daiyun, Dabie, Funiu mountains, the eastern Yunnan-Guizhou plateau, the northern Dayao and Yunkai mountains, as well as the margin of Sichuan Basin. The cultivated regions with ordinary suitability are the upland areas of Sichuan Basin, the plain of two lakes, Poyang-lake plain. [Conclusion] In this paper, the geographic distribution and the dominant bioclimatic factors are clarified. This paper predictes the regionalization of potential suitable cultivated area and provided references for cultivating I. polycarpa.

关 键 词：山桐子 MAXENT 地理分布区 适宜栽培区 

分 类 号：S794[农业科学—林木遗传育种]