铝-钢异种金属搅拌摩擦焊研究现状及展望  

Research Status and Prospect on Friction Stir Welded Dissimilar Al-Steel Joints

作　　者：相倩 吕念春[2] 薛鹏[1] 马宗义[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院金属研究所沈阳材料科学国家(联合)实验室,沈阳110016 [2]沈阳理工大学材料科学与工程学院,沈阳110168

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2017年第20期28-37,共10页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51331008)

摘　　要：搅拌摩擦焊作为一种新型的固相连接技术,具有优质、高效、节能、环境友好等优点,广泛应用于航空航天、船舶、轨道交通、汽车等工业领域。为了实现车体轻量化,铝-钢异种金属的搅拌摩擦焊研究得到越来越多的重视。从搅拌摩擦焊的工艺、组织及性能三个方面,对铝-钢异种金属搅拌摩擦焊的国内外研究现状进行综述。研究现状表明,通过控制界面金属间化合物的生成量,可得到高质量的铝-钢异种金属的搅拌摩擦对焊、搭焊及点焊接头,优化工艺参数下其拉伸性能可与母材相当,然而在铝-钢界面的精细结构表征和复杂应力状态下接头的力学性能方面还需要进一步的深入研究。此外,对未来铝-钢异种金属搅拌摩擦焊的研究方向进行展望。Friction stir welding（FSW） is a relatively new solid-state joining process, which is an energy efficient, environment friendly and versatile joining technique. Therefore it has been widely used in aerospace, marine, railway, automobile and other industrial fields. In order to realize the light weight of the vehicle, the research on the FSW of dissimilar Al alloy and steel has been paid more and more attention. In this review article, the current state of understanding and development on the FSW of Al alloy and steel are discussed. Particular emphasis was given to three aspects： the FSW parameters, microstructural evolution and mechanical properties. It is demonstrated that high-quality FSW joints of butt, lap and spot welding types can be obtained by controlling the formation of the intermetallic compounds on the Al-Fe interface, and the tensile strength is comparable to the Al base metal under optimized FSW parameters, however, further study is still needed to investigate the accurate microstructure of the Al-Fe interface and the mechanical behavior under complex stress state. At the same time, the further research and development direction in FSW of Al and steel are suggested.

关 键 词：铝合金 钢 异种金属 金属间化合物 力学性能 搅拌摩擦焊 

分 类 号：TG406[金属学及工艺—焊接]