2012-2016年心肾专科医院医院感染情况分析  

Nosocomial infections in a heart-kidney specialty hospital during 2012-2016

作　　者：邢小飞[1] 孟祥光[2] 蒋翠霞[1] 郭亚娜[1] 杜金红[1] 王静珠 

机构地区：[1]郑州市第七人民医院检验科,河南郑州450016 [2]郑州市第七人民医院药物研究室,河南郑州450016

出　　处：《中国微生态学杂志》2017年第11期1294-1296,共3页Chinese Journal of Microecology

基　　金：常州四药临床药学科研基金(CZSYJJ15033)

摘　　要：目的分析心肾专科医院医院感染情况,为降低医院感染及临床合理使用抗菌药物提供参考。方法回顾性分析2012-2016年郑州市第七人民医院医院感染患者病原菌分布情况,并对结果进行统计分析。结果 2012-2016年共发生医院感染1 180例,各年发病率分别为0.86%、0.92%、0.81%、0.90%、1.08%。感染发病率较高的科室依次为肾内科、ICU、心外科、心内科。医院感染主要病原菌为大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌。2012-2016年多重耐药菌中耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)和产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)病原菌的比率逐渐下降。结论医院感染发病率有增高趋势,感染率较高的科室是肾内科和ICU,主要病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,产ESBLs病原菌和MRSA的检出率逐渐下降。Objective To analyze the nosocomial infections in a heart-kidney specialty hospital and provide reference for the reasonable use of antimicrobial agents and reduction of nosocomial infections.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted to explore the distribution of pathogens in patients with infection in our hospital from 2012 to 2016.Results There were 1,180 cases of nosocomial infections during the period.The incidence rates were 0.86%,0.92%,0.81%,0.90% and 1.08%in the five years respectively.The top four departments with high incidence rate were Nephrology Department,Intensive Care Unit（ICU）,Cardiac Surgery Department and Cardiology Department.The main pathogens were Escherichia coli,Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumonia.The ratios of ESBLs-producing pathogens and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus（MRSA）declined year by year from 2012-2016.Conclusion The incidence rate of nosocomial infections shows an increasing tendency year by year.Nephrology department and ICU have a higher incidence.The main pathogenic bacteria is Gram-negative bacteria,and the detection rates of ESBLs and MRSA are declining.

关 键 词：医院感染 发病率 病原菌 超广谱Β-内酰胺酶 耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌 

分 类 号：R446.5[医药卫生—诊断学]