甘南高原农户对极端天气的适应障碍及适应意向  

Intentions and barriers to extreme weather adaptation faced by farmers in the Gannan Plateau

作　　者：王伟军[1] 赵雪雁[1] 万文玉[1] 李花[1] 薛冰[2] WANG Weijun;ZHAO Xueyan;WAN Wenyu;LI Hua;XUE Bing(College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China;Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China)

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院,兰州730070 [2]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110016

出　　处：《生态学报》2017年第23期8089-8100,共12页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41661115;41361106;41471116);中国科学院内陆河流域生态水文重点实验室开放基金(KLEIRB-2S-16-03)

摘　　要：基于入户调查数据,探讨了甘南高原农户对极端天气的适应障碍,并采用二元Logistic回归模型分析了适应障碍对农户适应意向的影响。结果发现:(1)甘南高原农户面临的规范性障碍最严重,信息技术障碍次之,再次为制度障碍和认知障碍。不同生计农户面临的适应障碍存在差异,其中,纯农户主要面临信息技术障碍,兼业户和非农户则主要面临规范性障碍。(2)纯农户对极端天气的适应意向主要受认知障碍、信息准确性障碍、适应策略选择时机障碍、政策激励障碍和牲畜拥有量的影响,兼业户主要受认知障碍、技术服务障碍、政策激励障碍影响,非农户主要受认知障碍、资源获取性障碍影响。除适应策略选择时机障碍外,其余适应障碍越小,不同生计农户的积极适应意向均越强。最后,提出了解决农户适应障碍的对策建议。Climate change is one of the most serious challenges to humanity in the 21st century, exacerbating the vulnerability of many regions, especially those with agricultural populations who rely on natural resources for their livelihoods. Climate change adaptation methods are of common concern to the international community. A key to adaptation by various stakeholders is to reduce or eliminate existing limits and barriers. Clarifying the impact of climate change adaptation on the livelihoods of farmers is of great significance for making effective adaptive strategies. This paper is based on 539 questionnaires that were administered using the TOPSIS method. An analysis using a binary logistic regression model was performed for the major barriers to climate change adaptation faced by farmers in the Gannan Plateau, and the impacts of these barriers on their adaptation intention were determined. Normative barriers were identified as the most serious obstacles to climate change adaptation by farmers in the Gannan Plateau, followed by information and technology barriers, while institutional and cognitive barriers were the weakest obstacles. However, there were some differences in the barriers identified among different types of farmers. Information and technology barriers were the main issues for purely agricultural households, while institutional barriers were the main issue for households with combined occupations and non-agricultural households. Cognitive barriers, limitations of information accuracy and policy incentives, and the number of livestock all had positive impacts on the adaptation intention of purely agricultural households. However, the time selection constraints for adaptation strategies had a negative effect. Cognitive barriers, limitations of technical services and of policy incentives, and restrictions on resource acquisition had positive impacts on the adaptation intention of households with combined occupations. Finally, we put forward suggestions for countermeasures to address the barriers to climate

关 键 词：农户 适应障碍 适应意向 极端天气 甘南高原 

分 类 号：F327[经济管理—产业经济] P467[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]