纳米PbCO_3/CuO复合粒子的制备及其性能  

Preparation and catalytic performances of PbCO_3/CuO nanocomposites

作　　者：刘浩 郭效德[1] 梁力 梁振宗 李广超 

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学国家特种超细粉体工程技术研究中心,南京210094

出　　处：《固体火箭技术》2017年第6期725-729,735,共6页Journal of Solid Rocket Technology

摘　　要：采用机械球磨法对PbCO_3和CuO两种常用燃速催化剂进行纳米化粉碎。用激光粒度仪、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)分析了产物粒子的粒径分布、形貌、晶型和纯度。通过分别计算样品中PbCO_3和CuO含量的标准偏差,定量分析了两种组分在PbCO_3/CuO复合粒子中的分散均匀度。用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)分析了产品对吸收药热分解性能的影响。通过测定双基推进剂的燃速研究了产品对其燃烧性能的影响。结果表明,产物平均粒径为70 nm,粒度分布很窄;PbCO_3和CuO组分的分散均匀度分别达到了95.40%和92.60%。产物使吸收药热分解峰温提前了29.35℃,表观分解热增加了606 J/g,表观活化能降低了16.58 k J/mol。与普通PbCO_3和CuO的混合催化剂相比,纳米PbCO_3/CuO复合粒子使双基推进剂的燃烧压力指数降低了0.203。The nano PbCO3/CuO nanocomposite particles were prepared by mechanical ball milling method. The size distribu- tion was detected by the nano particle analyzer. The shape and purity of the particles have been observed by SEM, and XRD. The degree of homogeneous for dispersed PbCO3 and CuO in final product was quantitatively analyzed by calculating the standard devia- tion. The influence of this composite product on the thermal decomposition of absorbent powder was investigated by DSC, and the burning rate was measured to discuss the combustion performance of double-base propellant containing PbCO3/CuO nanocomposite. The results show that the diameter of product is about 70 nm and the dispersed homogeneous degree of PbCO3 and CuO reaches 95.40% and 92.60%, respectively. The product can decrease thermal-decomposition peak temperature of NC/NG absorbent powder by 29.35 ℃. The apparent heat of decomposition and activation energy is increased by 606 J/g and 16.58 kJ/mol. The PbCO3/CuO nanocomposite can also decrease the pressure exponent of double base propellant by 0.203, comparing to the mixture of PbCO3 and CuO.

关 键 词：机械球磨 燃速催化剂 分散均匀度 燃烧性能 

分 类 号：V512[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]