云南省2015年新报告988例非婚异性传播HIV/AIDS病例性行为及影响因素分析  

Sexual behavior and its risk factors of new reported 988 HIV/AIDS cases with extra-marital heterosexual transmission in Yunnan Province in 2015

作　　者：宋丽军[1] 李彩霞 付丽茹[1] 梅静远[1] 牛瑾[1] 肖民扬 李雪华[1] 陆继云[1] 罗红兵[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南省疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病防制所/云南省艾滋病研究所,云南昆明650022 [2]昆明医科大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2017年第12期1254-1258,共5页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

基　　金："十二五"国家科技重大专项(2013ZX10004-906);云南省卫生科技计划项目(2014NS345)

摘　　要：目的了解人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)感染者/获得性免疫缺陷综合征(acquired immunodeficiency syndrome,AIDS)患者经非婚异性性接触感染的高危性行为特点及其影响因素,为控制艾滋病经性传播策略制定提供科学数据。方法连续抽取云南省2015年新报告非婚异性传播HIV/AIDS病例,进行问卷调查,了解调查对象获知感染HIV前后危险行为等情况。结果调查男性498人、女性490人。获知感染HIV前一年内有商业性行为的比例为39.88%(男性占68.67%,女性占10.61%),性别差异有统计学意义(x^2=352.797,P<0.001),地点集中在路边店/街头,坚持使用安全套比例仅为8.38%;71.36%有临时性伴间性行为(男性占64.46%,女性占78.37%),且性别差异有统计学意义(x^2=23.379,P<0.001),临时性伴主要是朋友/熟人(占82.52%);存在多种性行为交叉和叠加。获知感染HIV后仍有12.96%发生高危性行为,仅31.86%愿意告知性伴自身的感染状况。结论异性传播影响人群扩大,控制异性传播的策略应转为在强化高危人群干预工作基础上,倡导全民推广使用安全套的普遍防护,宣传教育时增加风险行为识别和安全性行为警示性教育,艾滋病感染者随访管理工作中应评估其传播风险并采取相应措施。Objective To explore the high-risk sexual behavior features and its influencing factors of the human immunodeficiency virus （HIV）/acquired immnnodefieiency syndrome （AIDS） cases with extra-marital heterosexual trans- mission, and to provide basic data for controlling HIV heterosexual transmission. Methods New reported HIV/AIDS ca- ses with extra-marital heterosexual transmission in Yunnan Province in 2015 were recruited. Face to face questionnaire was used to get the information as risk behaviors before and after inform HIV infection. Results A total of 498 males and 490 females were recruited; 39.88% （male 68.67% , female 10. 61% ） of the cases had business sexual behaviors before in- forming HIV infection in the near one year, there was significant difference between genders （χ2 = 352. 797 ,P 〈 0. 001 ）. The site centralized in the street sides. Persistent condom using rate was only 8.38% ;71.36% （male 64. 46% , female 78.37% ） had temporary sexual behavior, there was significant difference between genders （ χ2= 23. 379, P 〈 0. 001 ）. 82. 52% were among the friends/ acquaintances. The multiple and cross sexual behavior existed. 12. 96% of those in- formed infected cases still insisted unprotected high risk sexual behaviors. Only 31.86% of them were willing to tell the ：i sexual partners their infection status. Conclusions Heterosexual HIV/AIDS transmission population is enlarging. The strategy should transfer into strengthen high-risk population intervention, and advocate universal condom use. Sexual re- sponsibilities, sexual health and sexual safety propaganda should be added as well. The spread risk assessment of the H1V/ AIDs in the follow-up management_should be included and steps should be taken accordingly.

关 键 词：HIV 获得性免疫缺陷综合征 性行为 

分 类 号：R373.51[医药卫生—病原生物学] R512.91[医药卫生—基础医学]