千分表法测量金属线胀系数实验分析  

The experimental analysis for measuring linear expansion coefficient of metal by the dial indicator

作　　者：谢宁[1] 李华振 张季[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆工程学院基础教研部,新疆乌鲁木齐830023

出　　处：《大学物理》2017年第12期34-36,46,共4页College Physics

基　　金：新疆工程学院科研基金项目(2014xgy031612)资助

摘　　要：为提高FD-LEA-B型线膨胀系数实验仪测量金属线胀系数的实验精度,实验采用千分表法测得20~50℃区间铜棒伸长量随温度变化的关系,利用Origin软件分析不同控温方式对测量结果的影响,分析结果得出:针对FD-LEA-B型线膨胀系数实验仪的课堂教学采用持续升温,温度每隔2℃读取一次伸长量为最佳的测量方式,用最小二乘法对测量结果线性拟合,得出铜的线胀系数为16.0×10^(-6)℃^(-1).An efficient scheme is demonstrated to improve the experimental accuracy of metal linear expansion coefficient with the FD-LEA-B instrument. In this scheme, the dial gauge method is used to measure the elonga- tion of Copper sample changing with the temperature from 20℃ to 50℃. In addition, the application of Origin soft- ware is used to analyze the measurement results at different heating processes. The result shows that measuring the elongation of Copper sample with the interval of 2℃ in the process of persistent overheating is the most desirable way for the FD-LEA-B instrument. Adopted the least square method to fit the measurement results linearly, the Copper sample＇s linear expansion coefficient is 16.0× 10-6℃-1.

关 键 词：千分表法 线膨胀系数 最小二乘法 Origin软件应用 

分 类 号：O551.3[理学—热学与物质分子运动论]