山东常见蒿属植物叶形变异分类研究及在杂草检疫中的应用价值  

Leaves variation of common Artemisia plants in Shandong province and their taxonomic significance in quarantine.

作　　者：高志朋 邵秀玲[2] 范晓虹[3] 张伟 

机构地区：[1]山东大学(威海)海洋学院,山东威海264209 [2]山东出入境检验检疫局 [3]中国检验检疫科学研究院

出　　处：《植物检疫》2017年第6期30-37,共8页Plant Quarantine

基　　金：重要外来有害生物传入风险及监测技术研究(2015BAD08B01);国家中医药管理局行业专项(201407002)

摘　　要：蒿属(Artemisia)植物种类复杂,分布广泛,形态相似,变异众多,是野外调查中极难辨识的一个类群,传统的鉴别方法主要依赖其花果的解剖结构,但蒿属植物花期短,果实形态微小,给鉴定造成了很大的困难和挑战,且该属植物中某些种与同为多回羽状裂叶的检疫性杂草——豚草(Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.)形态相似,给口岸外来植物监测带来困扰。本研究以蒿属为例,通过大量野外采集和查阅实物标本,对山东地区常见的11种蒿属植物的叶形进行形态描述,总结其变异界限和规律,制作分种检索表以用于营养期蒿属植物和豚草的快速鉴别,并为建立以植物营养器官为特征的口岸外来植物智能鉴定系统提供基础。Artemisia plants are notorious taxonomic difficulty taxa because of their rich species,widely distribution,morphological similarly and complicated variation. Traditional identification of these plants is mainly relies on the anatomic structure of their reproductive organ,however,the tiny reproductive organ and short florescence create great challenges for their identification. In addition,the leaves of most Artemisia plants are pinnate or decompounds,more similar with the quarantine pest Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.,from which the quarantine officers often confuse with each other. In this study,we selected Artemisia plants as a case study to show the possibility of establishing the port monitoring method for alien plants based on the vegetative characters. We sampled 11 common Artemisia plants in Shandong province,comprehensively described their leaves morphology and summarized the variation boundary through heavily field collection and herbarium examination. As a result,a vegetative-character key was made to provide a rapid identification for Ambrosia artemisiifolia and these Artemisia plants.

关 键 词：蒿属植物 豚草 叶形变异 分类 物种鉴定 

分 类 号：S41-30[农业科学—植物保护]