青藏高原东南缘高山峡谷区舍饲牦牛与环境重金属元素含量分析  

Analysis of heavy metal contents in tissues and habitats of stall-feeding yaks in alpine and gorge region in south-eastern Tibetan plateau

作　　者：齐沛森 文勇立 李铸 李子谦 安雅静 艾鷖 赵佳琦 李强 安德科 

机构地区：[1]西南民族大学青藏高原研究院,四川成都610041 [2]四川省畜牧总站,四川成都610041 [3]金川县畜牧兽医服务中心,四川金川624100

出　　处：《西南民族大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第6期551-556,共6页Journal of Southwest Minzu University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2014BAD13B03);西南民族大学"优秀学生培养工程项目"(CX2016SP248)

摘　　要：研究青藏高原东南缘高山峡谷区舍饲牦牛与环境重金属元素含量及关联性,采集5个县8个牦牛养殖场的组织样及饲料、土壤和饮水样品,采用ICP-OES等方法对重金属含量进行测定.结果表明,牦牛肝脏和肾脏中Cd元素含量为0.124 mg/kg、0.727 mg/kg,高于相关标准(≤0.1 mg/kg),存在Cd污染风险;粗饲料、精饲料和酒糟中Cr的含量,水中As、Pb、Cd和Cr的含量,以及土壤中Cd的含量均高于相关标准,受污染风险较大;牦牛组织中As与Pb、Cr和Ni,及Pb与Cd具有同源性,但尚不能确定这些元素具体来源于土壤及饲料或饮用水.结论:牦牛肝脏和肾脏存在Cd污染风险;组织As与Pb、Cr和Ni,以及Pb与Cd具有同源性,具体来源有待进一步研究.The heavy metal correlation between tissue and habitat of stall-feeding yak in alpine and gorge region in the south- eastern Tibetan plateau was studied. The samples of tissue, feed, soil and drinking water were selected from eight yak farms in five counties, and the ICP-OES method was used to determine the heavy metal content. The results showed： the Cd element con- tent in liver and kidney of yak was 0. 124 mg/kg and 0. 727 mg/kg respectively, which exceeded the standard of~〈0. 1 mg/kg and with the risk of Cd element contamination ; high risk of contamination also existed due to excess Cr in roughage, concentrate and distillers＇ grains,and As, Pb, Cd and Cr in drinking water, as well as Cd in soil;among the elements in the tissue, As shared similar source with Pb, Cr and Ni, and Pb shared similar source with Cd, but it was not sure whether the elements origi- nated from soil, feed or drinking water. It is concluded that the risk of Cd element contamination existed in liver and kidney of yak, and that among the elements in the tissue, As shared similar source with Pb, Cr and Ni, and Pb shared similar source with Cd, but the exact source needs further investigation.

关 键 词：牦牛 重金属元素 饲料 土壤 饮水 

分 类 号：S811.5[农业科学—畜牧学] S815[农业科学—畜牧兽医]