不同种植方式对矮秆蓖麻田土壤温度、蓖麻产量的影响  

Effect of Different Planting Patterns on Soil Temperature and Castor Yield in Dwarf Castor Fields

作　　者：王淼 朱国立[1,2] 何智彪[2] 包双喜 乔文杰[2] 贾娟霞[2] 莫德乐吐[2] 刘炳臣 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古民族大学农学院,内蒙古通辽028043 [2]通辽市农业科学研究院,内蒙古通辽028015 [3]内蒙古种星种业有限公司,内蒙古呼和浩特010010

出　　处：《内蒙古民族大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第4期328-335,共8页Journal of Inner Mongolia Minzu University：Natural Sciences

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201003057);内蒙古自治区"草原英才"工程项目

摘　　要：以矮秆蓖麻杂交种aLmAB8×CSR181为供试材料,对宽窄行平作的全膜覆盖、半膜覆盖、膜下滴灌和匀垄直播、大小垄直播的5种种植方式采取随机区组试验设计,进行了不同种植方式对矮秆蓖麻田土壤温度、蓖麻产量影响的研究.试验结果表明,1)全膜覆盖对提高土壤温度效果最好,其次是膜下滴灌,再次是半膜覆盖;大小垄种植比匀垄种植能提高土壤温度,但效果次于3种覆膜的种植方式.不同种植方式之间土壤耕层(0~20 cm平均)全天温度变化比较明显,在出苗后到植株封垄期间土壤温度为全膜覆盖>膜下滴灌>半膜覆盖>大小垄>匀垄.2)5种种植方式产量大小顺序依次为全膜覆盖、膜下滴灌、半膜覆盖、大小垄、匀垄,分别为3516.7333 kg/hm^2,3463.9154 kg/hm^2,3187.0238 kg/hm^2,3105.8862 kg/hm^2,2833.1746 kg/hm^2.3)不同覆膜方式之间产量除了全膜覆盖与膜下滴灌、半膜覆盖与大小垄产量之间差异达显著水平外,其他互相之间产量均达极显著水平.4)覆膜(黑色地膜)能够有效地控制杂草,尤其是全膜覆盖控制杂草的效果更为明显.Five planting patterns were used to determine the optimal conditions for cultivating castor in Inner Mongo- lia.These were flat-narrow parallel whole film mulched, half mulched, drip irrigation under film, uniform size ridge for direct seeding, and different size ridge in a randomized block design.The effect of these planting patterns on dwarf castor yield and soil temperature were effect of these planting patterns on dwarf castor yield and soil tempera- tun was monitored. The effect on the soil temperature of whole film mulched was better than drip irrigation and half mulched and the effect on the soil temperature of different size ridge was better than uniform size ridge and was infe- rior to the three film planting ways. The soil temperature change was obvious in different plant types （0--20 cm aver- age）, and the soil temperature profiles were whole film mulch 〉 drip irrigation under film 〉 half mulched 〉 differentsize ridge 〉 uniform size ridge.The yield rank of planting patterns was whole film mulched, drip irrigation under film, half mulched, different size ridge and uniform size ridge with yields of 3516.7333,3463.9154,3187.0238, 3105.8862 and 2833.1746 kg/hm2 respectively.Between the different mulching methods, except for whole film mulched, half mulched and different size ridge, the difference between the film mulching and the size and ridge yield was significant. Film mulching （black plastic film） can control weeds effectively, especially the whole film mulching which can also increase soil temperature and castor yield.

关 键 词：种植方式 矮秆蓖麻 土壤温度 产量 

分 类 号：S565.6[农业科学—作物学]