“汉源葡萄青椒”及其少刺变异品系光合特性研究  

Photosynthetic Characteristics of‘Hanyuan Putao Qingjiao'Zanthoxylum armatum and Its Variation Species with Few Thorn

作　　者：赵昌平[1] 王景燕[1] 龚伟[1] 熊靓 舒正悦 唐海龙[1] 周星宇 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学林学院/林业生态工程四川省重点实验室,成都611130

出　　处：《四川农业大学学报》2017年第4期540-546,共7页Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University

基　　金：四川省农作物育种攻关项目(2006YZGG-10;2011NZ0098-10;2016NYZ0035);四川省农业科技成果转化项目(16NZ0067)

摘　　要：【目的】了解竹叶花椒(Zanthoxylum armatum)光合特性,为推广应用和栽培管理提供参考。【方法】以竹叶花椒优良品种"汉源葡萄青椒"(HPQ)及其变异少刺品系(SHPQ)为研究对象,利用Li-6400便携式光合作用测定仪对冠层顶部叶片光合作用日变化和光响应特征进行测定。【结果】HPQ和SHPQ的叶片净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)、叶面饱和水汽压亏缺(Vpd L)日变化均呈"单峰"型,Pn峰值出现在12:00左右,其他参数峰值均出现在14:00左右;胞间CO2浓度(Ci)日变化呈"单谷"型,谷值出现在12:00左右。SHPQ的水分利用效率(WUE)日均值显著高于HPQ的,但两者Pn、Gs、Tr、Ci和Vpd L日均值差异不显著;在12:00—14:00左右温度较高和光照较强条件下,HPQ的Pn均高于SHPQ的,相反,其他时刻HPQ的Pn均低于SHPQ的。Pn、Tr和Gs与光合有效辐射(PAR)呈极显著正相关,其相关系数均大于三者与其他环境因子;Pn与叶绿素含量和产量呈极显著正相关。HPQ的光补偿点(LCP)、最大净光合速率(Amax)、暗呼吸速率(Rd)和表观量子效率(AQY)高于SHPQ的,光饱和点(LSP)低于SHPQ的,两者LCP差异显著,而其他参数差异不显著。【结论】SHPQ具有潜在较强的低光照环境适应能力和较高水分利用效率,在日照时数少和及干旱条件下具有更强的生长适应性。【Objective】The objective of the study was to investigate the photosynthetic characteristic of Zanthoxylum armatum and to provide a reference for its application promotion and cultivation management.【Methods】Diurnal dynamics and light response of photosynthesis were measured with Li-6400 portable photosynthesis system on the canopy layers of‘Hanyuan Putao Qingjiao'(HPQ) Z.armatum and its variation species(SHPQ) with few thorn.【Results】The diurnal variations of net photosynthetic rate(P_n),transpiration rate(T_r),stomatal conductance(G_s) and vapor pressure deficit on leaf surface(V_(pdL)) exhibited a single-peak curve,with a peak at 12:00 for Pnand 14:00 for other parameters,respectively.However,intercellular CO_2 concentration(C_i) showed a single-valley curve,with a valley at 12:00.Mean value of diurnal water use efficiency(WUE) of SHPQ was significantly higher than that of HPQ no significant differences were observed for P_n,G_s,T_r,Ciand Vpd L.The P_n of HPQ was higher than that of SHPQ from 12:00 to 14:00 under high temperature and strong illumination conditions,while the opposite was true for other period.The P_n,T_r and G_s were significantly and positively correlated with photosynthetic active radiation(PAR)(P<0.01) and their correlation coefficients were stronger than those of three parameters and other en vironmental factors.P_n was significantly and positively correlated with total chlorophyll content and yield(P<0.01).The light compensation point(LCP),maximum net photosynthetic rate(A_(max)),dark respiration rate(R_d) and apparent quantum efficiency(AQY) of HPQ were higher than those of SHPQ but the light saturation point(LSP) of HPQ was lower than that of SHPQ.There was no significant difference in almost all parameters between HPQ and SHPQ except for LCP.【Conclusions】that the results suggest that SHPQ has a potential adaptability to low light environment and high water use efficiency;It is more suitable to grow under the conditions of less sunshine and drying.

关 键 词：竹叶花椒 光合作用 光响应 

分 类 号：S727.34[农业科学—林木遗传育种]