盈江省藤苗木生长对肥料种类和施用量的响应  

Responses of Growth of Calamus nambariensis var. yingjiangensis to Fertilizer Types and Amounts

作　　者：杨文君[1] 王慷林[1] 李莲芳[1] 张恩向 何明阐 王文俊 刘广路 

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学,昆明650224 [2]德宏州林科所,云南瑞丽671300 [3]漾濞林业局,云南漾濞672500 [4]国际竹藤中心,北京100102

出　　处：《世界竹藤通讯》2017年第6期13-18,共6页World Bamboo and Rattan

基　　金："十二五"科技计划课题"特色棕榈藤及笋用竹种筛选及培育"(编号:2015BAD04B0203)

摘　　要：采用L_9(3~4)正交设计对造林11和15个月的盈江省藤分别开展施肥试验,施肥后1个月测定苗木的生长指标,包括地径、冠幅、叶片数、叶片长及新叶数,研究不同肥料种类(N∶P∶K为11∶8∶6的复合肥、N∶P∶K为20∶5∶20的复合肥、过磷酸钙)、施肥量(25 g/株、50 g/株、75 g/株)以及是否施用尿素对苗木生长的影响。结果表明:肥料施用量、是否施尿素以及两者的组合是影响苗木生长的主导因子;不同肥料种类及不同的施用量对苗木各生长指标的影响不同;不同肥料种类对冠幅、叶片长和新叶数具有极显著或显著的影响(P_(冠幅)=0.017<0.05,P_(叶片长)=0.004<0.01,P_(新叶数)=0.038<0.05),不同肥料施肥量则极显著影响地径、冠幅和叶片长(P=0.000<0.01),尿素不同施用量显著影响叶的生长。总体而言,过磷酸钙有利于盈江省藤叶的生长,N∶P∶K配比为11∶8∶6的复合肥可增加苗木叶片数和新叶数,尿素对苗木生长具有负效应,不宜施尿素。Fertilization experiments were implemented using the L_9(3~4) orthogonal design on transplanted 11-and 15-month-old plants of Calamus nambariensis var. yingjiangensis,in which the basal diameters( BDs),crown widths(CWs),leaf numbers(LNs),leaf lengthes(LLs) and new leaf numbers(NLs) were measured 1 month later after the fertilization application,in order to study the effects of different fertilizers( compound fertilizer of N ∶ P ∶ K at 11 ∶8 ∶ 6 or of N ∶ P ∶ K at 20 ∶ 5 ∶ 20,and superphosphate),fertilizer amount( 25,50 and 70 g/plant) and whether to apply urea on seeding growth. The results showed that fertilizer application amount,urea application,and the combination of the two factors were the dominant factors to affect the seeding growth,meanwhile different fertilizer types and amounts had different effects on the growth indexes of seedlings. Fertilizer types had extremely significant or significant effects on the CWs,LLs and NLs( P_(CWs)= 0. 017 < 0. 05,P_(LLs)= 0. 004 < 0. 01,P_(NLs)= 0. 038 < 0. 05),the amount of different fertilizer applied significantly impacted on BDs,CWs and LLs( P = 0. 000 < 0. 01),and different applied amount of urea significantly affect leaf growth. Overall calcium superphosphate facilitated the leave growth,and the compound fertilizer with N ∶ P ∶ K at 11 ∶ 8 ∶ 6 could increase the LNs and NLs. Urea had a negative effect on the growth of seedlings,and therefore no urea should be applied.

关 键 词：盈江省藤 正交试验 苗木生长 施肥 

分 类 号：S792.91[农业科学—林木遗传育种]