膜下滴灌水氮协作对烤烟水肥利用效率及土壤养分含量的影响  

The Effect of Mulching Drip Irrigation and Water-Nitrogen Coupling on Water and Fertilizer Use of Flue-Cured Tobacco and Nutrient Content of Soil

作　　者：陈竞楠[1] 邵孝侯[2,3] 翟亚明[2,3] 侯毛毛[4] 赵廷超 王刚 CHNE Jing-nan;SHAO Xiao-hou;ZHAI Ya-ming;HOU Mao-mao;ZHAO Ting-chao;WANG Gang(Fujian Vocational College of Agriculture, Fuzhou 350000;Key Laboratory of Efficient Irrigation-Drainage and Agricultural Soil-Water Environment in Southern China, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210098, China;College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China;Department of Gardening, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350000, China;Tobacco Company of Qianxinan Prefecture, Xingyi 562400, China)

机构地区：[1]福建农业职业技术学院,福州350000 [2]南方地区高效灌排与农业水土环境教育部重点实验室,南京210098 [3]河海大学水利水电学院,南京210098 [4]福建农林大学园艺学院,福州350000 [5]贵州省烟草公司黔西南州公司,贵州兴义562400

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2017年第12期68-71,共4页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：贵州省烟草公司黔西南州公司技术开发与转化推广项目(州烟司(2015)41号);河海大学中央高校基本科研业务费项目(2014B04814;2015B05814);水利部公益事业项目(201301017)

摘　　要：为研究膜下滴灌条件下水氮协作对烤烟水肥利用、植烟土壤养分含量的影响,设计不同灌水量(300、400、500和600 mm)及施氮量(4、5和6 g/株)处理,并对不同处理下烤烟灌溉水利用效率、氮收获指数、土壤速效养分含量等指标进行观测和分析。结果表明:灌水量与烤烟灌溉水利用效率和氮收获指数呈极显著负相关(P<0.01);施氮量与烤烟氮素累积总量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),与氮肥偏生产力呈极显著负相关(P<0.01)。在本研究灌水和施氮范围内,提高灌水量有利于提高土壤速效营养元素(N,P,K)含量,而提高施氮量有利于提高土壤碱解氮含量。不同处理以T5节水节肥综合效益最优,灌溉水利用效率为0.68 kg/m3、氮收获指数为0.764 kg/kg、氮素烟叶生产效率为33.50 kg/kg、植烟土壤碱解氮氮含量为137.28 mg/kg。In this study, in order to study the effect of mulching drip irrigation and water-nitrogen coupling on water and fertilizer use of flue-cured tobacco and nutrient content of tobacco-cultivated soil, different irrigation water amounts （300, 400, 500 and 300 mm） and N application rates （4, 5, and 6 g/plant） are designed, the flue-cured tobacco irrigation water use efficiency, nitrogen harvest index, soil available nutrient content and other indexes under different treatments are observed and analyzed. The results show that the irrigation water amount is significantly negative correlation （P〈0.O1） with flue-cured tobacco irrigation water use efficiency and nitrogen harvest index; N application amount is significantly positively correlated with nitrogen accumulation amount of flue-cured tobacco （ P〈0.01 ）, and significantly negatively correlated with nitrogen partial productivity （ P〈0.01 ） ; within the irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer scope of this study, the increase of irrigation amount is conductive to improve soil available nutrient elements （ N, P, K） content, while the increase of the applied amount of N fertilizer is conductive to improve soil alkali-hydrolysable nitrogen content; the T5 treatment has the optimum comprehensive benefit on water and fertilizer saving, its irrigation water use efficiency, nitrogen harvest index, nitrogen for tobacco leaf production efficiency, tobacco-cultivated soil alkali-hydrolysable nitrogen are 0.68 kg/m^3, 0.764, 33.50 kg/kg and 137.28 mg/kg, respectively.

关 键 词：膜下滴灌 水氮协作 土壤养分 烤烟 灌溉水利用效率 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]