主题公园演艺项目对旅游者活动空间的影响——基于时空可达性的分析  

The Impact of Audience Participation at a Theme Park Show on Tourists' Activity Space:A Space-time Accessibility Perspective

作　　者：赵莹[1] 汪丽[2] 黄潇婷[3] 塔娜[4] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学旅游学院,广东广州510275 [2]西安外国语大学旅游学院人文地理研究所,陕西西安710128 [3]山东大学管理学院,山东济南250100 [4]华东师范大学地理科学学院,上海200241

出　　处：《旅游学刊》2017年第12期49-57,共9页Tourism Tribune

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目"城市休闲行为的时空制约机理研究--以广州市为例"(41501172);国家自然科学基金项目"基于旅游者时空行为规律的旅游时间规划方法研究"(41301142)资助;广东省自然科学基金博士启动项目"城市居民休闲行为的时空表达;制约机理与动态模拟"(2014A030310143)~~

摘　　要：旅游者行为是旅游规划与产品设计的根本出发点。旅游者在时间预算固定、移动能力有限的前提下,可达的活动空间是有限的。文章选择紧凑型建设、高密度到访的主题公园为研究对象,讨论旅游者参与时空固定的演艺项目对其可达活动空间的影响。实证研究选择香港海洋公园为案例地,利用GPS行为跟踪数据,分析海洋剧场到访游客的活动空间差别,对比观看和未看表演、表演前与表演后的游客时空可达性差异。结果表明,游客观看演艺项目会显著地增加停留时间,演艺项目对观看表演游客近1.5小时的行为模式产生了影响,主要体现在移动速度放缓和活动范围缩小两个方面。基于缓冲区的潜在活动空间挖掘中,观看和未看表演群体之间活动空间的差异主要存在于表演前的40分钟内;而潜在活动机会的差异则存在于表演前后的10分钟内。观看表演群体在表演前的活动空间最小、潜在活动机会最少,说明该时段的时空制约最为强烈。最后,文章针对主题公园规划管理和旅游行为研究两个方面讨论了研究结果的实践意义和理论贡献。Understanding tourism behavior is fundamental for tourism planning and product design.Design research has recently shifted its focus from place-oriented to people-oriented design; i.e., each tourist can only move in a limited space considering their time budget and travel capacities. This paper focuses on theme parks, which are compactly built and visited frequently. Shows or performances are a very important theme park element; however, they have fixed space – time characteristics, which means that tourists need to visit the specified theatre or exhibition at the scheduled time. This fixity may therefore cause constraints on tourists＇ time and result in small activity spaces not only during show time but also before and after the show. This paper aims to discuss the activity spaces of visitors at a theme park show based on the theory of space – time accessibility. Space – time accessibility is derived from the space – time prism concept in time geography, which measures each visitor＇s potential arrival space considering time budget and spatial fixity simultaneously. An empirical survey was conducted in Ocean Park Hong Kong（OPHK）, which combined GPS（Global Positioning System）tracking and a paper-and-pencil questionnaire to collect visitors＇ behavior. A famous OPHK attraction,the Ocean Theatre, hosts four shows performed daily. As the research sample, this paper selected 129 visitors who had visited the theatre. The activity space measurements were divided into three parts： a）actual activity space based on moving speed; b） potential activity space based on standard deviational ellipse and buffer analysis; and c） the number of potential activity – opportunity-based rides/exhibitions. Our analysis compared the show and nonshow participation groups at the Ocean Theatre and contrasted the indicators between pre-and postshow participation. The GPS tracking survey provided high-resolution data to explore the detailed differences in visitors＇ behavior processes. The findings show that th

关 键 词：活动空间 时空可达性 演艺项目 主题公园 GPS 

分 类 号：F592[经济管理—旅游管理] J124[经济管理—产业经济]