史学、历学与《易》学——刘歆《春秋》学的知识体系与方法  

Science of History and Calendar and The book of Change:the Knowledge System and Method of Liu Xin's Interpretation of Chunqiu

作　　者：程苏东[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学中国语言文学系

出　　处：《中国文化研究》2017年第4期89-101,共13页Chinese Culture Research

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目"<春秋左传>校注及研究"(项目编号:15ZDB071)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：在战国至汉初的学术史上,孟子、公羊家、穀梁家先师以及董仲舒、司马迁等儒士通过对孔子"作《春秋》"一事的不断塑造,奠定了《春秋》"微言大义"的经典地位及其"史中取义"的文本阅读方式。而刘歆则试图重建《春秋》学的学理体系:他淡化孔子与《春秋》之间的"作者"关系,将《春秋》重新置入三代以来的史籍传统中;又尝试从历学角度重建《春秋》的义例体系;在处理"六艺"内部关系时,刘歆将《易》学与《春秋》学相配,建立起一种新的"天人之学"。《春秋》学的性质、阅读方式至此发生了重大的变化,对西汉传统《春秋》学形成了极大的挑战。了解刘歆《春秋》学的内在学理体系与解经方法,是我们理解两汉之际这场重要学术转型事件的基础。Based on the school, and Dong Zhongshu, continuously comments by Mencius, Gongyang school, Guliang Sima Qian, Chunqiu received its classical status in the Warring States period and Western Han Dynasty. Liu Xin tried to change this tradition by putting Chunqiu back into the tradition of historical records. In order to prove the classical status of Chunqiu, Liu Xin connected the book with The book of Change. All of these formed a great challenge to the traditional Chunqiu school of the Western Han dynasty. Studying Liu Xin＇ s inner scientific system and interpreting method of Chunjiu is the foundation of understanding this important academic transition between the Western and Eastern Han dynasties.

关 键 词：《春秋》 《汉书》 刘歆 经学 

分 类 号：K225.04[历史地理—历史学]