猪场废弃物和解磷菌、蚯蚓联合施用对旱坡地土壤碳循环相关酶的影响  

Effects of pig farm waste, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, and earthworms on enzymes related to soil C cycling in arid hillside land

作　　者：程雄 王利英 李文彦[1] 张海春[1] 李永涛[1] 张玉龙[1] CHENG Xiong;WANG Li-ying;LI Wen-yan;ZHANG Hai-chun;LI Yong-tao;ZHANG Yu-long(The College of Natural Resources and Environment of South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;The New Coun- tryside Development Institute of South China Agrieuhural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;Preparation Office of Southern China Agricultural Museum of South China Agrieuhural University, Guangzhou 510642, China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学资源环境学院,广州510642 [2]华南农业大学新农村发展研究院,广州510642 [3]华南农业大学华南农业博物馆筹建办公室,广州510642

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2017年第12期2479-2485,共7页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2014BAD14B01);国家自然科学基金(U1401234;41403065;41471215)~~

摘　　要：土壤酶活性是评价土壤质量的重要依据。为阐明猪场废弃物猪粪、沼液和功能生物蚯蚓、菌剂在培肥贫瘠土壤过程中对土壤碳循环相关酶活性及微生物量的影响,通过野外定位试验,设置不施肥处理(CK)、施猪粪处理(Pm)、施猪粪+沼液处理[(Pm+S)/T]、施猪粪+沼液+蚯蚓处理(Te)、施猪粪+沼液+菌剂处理(Tb)和施猪粪+沼液+蚯蚓+菌剂处理[T(e+b)],阐释各外源物质的作用以及功能生物间的协作关系。结果表明:与CK相比,Pm处理淀粉酶和β-葡萄糖苷酶活性分别增强了10.0%~50.5%、30.2%~55.9%;与Pm+S相比,T(e+b)处理的微生物生物量碳(MBC)含量增加了58.0%~124%,蔗糖酶、淀粉酶、β-葡萄糖苷酶活性分别增强了95.2%~216%、22.3%~66.8%、65.3%~118%。以上结果说明,施用猪场废弃物对土壤淀粉酶和β-葡萄糖苷酶活性增效显著;配施蚯蚓和菌剂可促进该效果,同时提高土壤MBC含量和增强蔗糖酶活性,且蚯蚓和菌剂间存在协同关系。Livestock wastes from intensive agricultural production are extensively utilized as organic fertilizers in soils. The degradation of organic wastes and the release of nutrients are closely associated with soil microbial activity. Earthworms and bacteria in soil may accelerate the transformation of organic matter via digestion and assimilation. Soil microbial biomass and enzyme activities are important indicators of soil quality. To elucidate the effects of pig manure, biogas slurry, and functional organisms on the microbial biomass carbon（ MBC ） and the activities of enzymes related to C cycling, a field experiment was conducted with six treatments of control（CK）, pig manure （Pin）, pig ma- nure ＋ slurry[（ Pm＋S ）/T], manure ＋ slurry ＋ earthworms（Te ）, manure ＋ slurry ＋ phosphate-solubilizing bacteria（Th ）, and manure ＋ slurry ＋ earthworms ＋ bacteria[T（e＋b ）]. The former three treatments were to investigate the roles of the exogenous wastes on the activities of en- zymes related to C cycling. The latter three were to further evaluate the collaborative effects of functional organisms. Compared with those in CK, the activities of amylase and ^-glucosidase increased by 10.0%-50.53% and 30.2%-55.9%, respectively, in Pro. Compared with those in Pro＋S, the contents of MBC, invertase, amylase, and β-glucosidase activity by 55.0%-124%, 95.2%-216 %, 22.3%-66.8%, and 65.3%- 118%, respectively, in T（e＋b）. The results indicated that pig waste had a significant effect on the activities of amylase and β-glucosidase in the arid-slope soil. Furthermore, the application of earthworms and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria stimulated the amylase and β-glu- cosidase activities. Meanwhile, soil MBC and invertase activity were also enhanced in T （e＋b）, suggesting a synergistic effect of earthworms and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria on these two soil properties. In contrast, the addition of earthworms or phosphate-solubilizing bacteria alone did not have a significant effect

关 键 词：猪粪 蚯蚓 解磷菌 土壤酶 

分 类 号：X713[环境科学与工程—环境工程]