新育成的1RS·1BL初级易位系T956-13的育种价值  

Development of a Novel Primary 1RS·1BL Translocation Line T956-13 and Its Breeding Value

作　　者：任天恒[1] 李治[2] 晏本菊[2] 杨漫宇[1] 谭飞泉[1] 任正隆[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学农学院,四川成都611130 [2]四川农业大学生命科学院,四川雅安625014

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2017年第12期1534-1540,共7页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31271722)

摘　　要：近年来,条锈病和白粉病生理小种的变异和新小种流行致使大范围利用的条锈病和白粉病抗源抗性屡屡丧失。为了寻找和培育新的抗源,以小麦高产育种品系A42912为受体,以我国西南地区白粒黑麦为供体,通过杂交、回交和细胞学选育,成功培育了一个新的小麦-黑麦易位系T956-13。多重FISH+GISH技术证明,T956-13含有一对来自白粒黑麦的完整1RS染色体臂,是一个新的1RS·1BL初级易位系。用条中29、条中31、条中32、条中33、条中34以及水源系(SY)等10个流行的条锈病生理小种或菌系进行的接种试验证明,T956-13高抗所有接种的生理小种和菌系。田间育种圃内混合菌种接种鉴定表明,T956-13对条锈病和白粉病均表现出高度抗性。用T956-13和川农11(含Yr9和Pm8基因)以及川农17(含YrCN17和PmCn17基因)杂交,T956-13的抗病性表现为显性。在F2群体中条锈病和白粉病的抗感植株分离比均符合一对基因控制的遗传模式,即卡方测验符合3∶1分离;感病品种回交的BC1F1群体中,抗感植株分离比均为1∶1。由此表明,T956-13含有不同于Yr9和Pm8的抗条锈病和白粉病等位基因或者与其紧密连锁的新抗病基因座,是当前小麦育种的优秀抗源之一。此外,由于易位系T956-13继承了亲本A42912的优异表型性状,即具有秆矮、分蘖力强、生长繁茂、穗大、早熟等农艺性状,所以是优异的高产抗病育种资源。Recent years,many wheat cultivars released in Sichuan Province have lost their resistance to stripe rust and powdery mildew,due to the prevalence of new virulent pathotypes. For more efficient use of 1RS chromosome arm in wheat breeding, a novel primary 1RS ·1BL translocation line, T956- 13, was selected from the offspring of hybrid between a high yield wheat line A42912 and Chinese local rye variety Baili. A multiple FISH ＋ GISH technique was exploited for identifying wheat-rye translocation chromosomes. T956-13 was detected to contain an intact chromosome arm 1RS from Baili rye. The primary translocation line T956-13 displays highly resistant against all infected pathotypes and isolates of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici. T956-13 also exhibits high resistance to strip rust and powdery mildew in the field. In two crosses between line T956-13 and two wheat 1RS · 1BL cultivars, Chuannong 11 withPra8 and Yrg,and Chuannong 17 withPraCnl7 and YrCN17,the F2 and BC1FI populations segregated 3 ： 1 and 1 ： 1 resistant to susceptible in the field,respectively. The results indicated allelism or very close linkage between the resistant genes from T956-13 and these two culti-vars. The line T956-13 also showed excellent agronomic characteristics and would be a useful resource for wheat breeding.

关 键 词：小麦育种 1RS·1BL易位系 条锈病 白粉病 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S330