抗生素抗性基因在养殖废水中的分布与去除  

Distribution and removal of antibiotic resistance genes in swine wastewater

作　　者：庄榆佳 赵忆 苏建强[2] 耿春女 ZHUANG Yujia;ZHAO Yi(The Ecological Technique and Engineering College, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, 201418, China;Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China)

机构地区：[1]上海应用技术大学生态技术与工程学院,上海201418 [2]中国科学院城市环境研究所,厦门361021

出　　处：《环境化学》2017年第11期2311-2318,共8页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：上海应用技术大学引进人才科研启动项目(YJ2015-1)资助~~

摘　　要：畜禽养殖场作为抗生素抗性基因的一个热点区,其产生的废水中存在大量的抗生素抗性基因,直接排放将会污染接受的水体.本研究以微生物固化曝气技术为核心,构建了一个包含沉淀池、一级处理池、二级处理池和氧化塘的养殖废水处理系统.采用高通量荧光定量PCR技术,探究各种抗性基因在进水、各处理池和出水中的种类、多样性和丰度的变化以及可能的影响因素.研究发现:(1)微生物固化曝气技术能有效降低养殖废水中抗性基因的种类和多样性;(2)该技术也能有效去除养殖废水中抗性基因的绝对丰度,去除率高达93.6%;(3)养殖废水出水中抗性基因绝对丰度仍高于自然水体,其直接排放仍有抗性基因污染风险;(4)畜禽养殖废水中TN和土霉素的含量与许多抗生素抗性基因总丰度存在正相关性.通过对TN和土霉素的去除或者控制使用,可以有效降低养殖废水中的抗性基因.Livestock and poultry farms are one of hot spots of antibiotic resistance genes（ ARGs）,as the direct discharge of swine wastewater containing a large number of ARGs may pollute the natural water. Using the integrated immobilized-microorganism and aeration technology,the present research built a swine wastewater treatment system consisting of a sedimentation pool,a primary treatment pool,a secondary treatment pool,and an oxidation pond. High-throughput quantitative PCR was utilized to investigate the variation（ e. g. occurrence,diversity and removal rate） and possible influencing factors of ARGs in the influent,effluent and each treatment unit. The results indicate that：（ 1） The integrated technology effectively reduced the varieties and diversities of ARGs;（ 2） It also removed efficiently the abundance of ARGs with a total removal rate of 93.6%;（ 3） The absolute abundance of ARGs in the effluents was still higher than that in the natural water,and their direct discharge may pose a risk of ARGs to the natural water;（ 4） The concentration of total nitrogen and oxytetracycline positively correlated to the absolute abundance of ARGs. By the removal and/or controlled use of total nitrogen and oxytetracycline, the integrated technology removed effectively the ARGs in swine wastewater.

关 键 词：微生物固化曝气技术 高通量荧光定量PCR 抗性基因 多样性和丰度 养殖废水 抗生素 

分 类 号：X713[环境科学与工程—环境工程]