乌鲁木齐水磨河沿岸土壤痕量金属污染特征与来源解析  

Contamination characterization and source apportionment of trace metals in riparian soils of Shuimo River in Urumqi

作　　者：侯凤兰[1,2,3] 吕光辉 马辉英[1,2] 陈悦[1,2] HOU Fenglan;LYU Guanghui;MA Huiying;CHEN Yue(College of Resources and Environment Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China;Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Urumqi, 830046, China;Xinjiang Agricultural Vocational and Technical College, Changji, 831100, China;Institute of Arid Ecology and Environment, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China)

机构地区：[1]新疆大学资源与环境科学学院,乌鲁木齐830046 [2]绿洲生态教育部重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830046 [3]新疆农业职业技术学院,昌吉831100 [4]新疆大学干旱生态环境研究所,乌鲁木齐830046

出　　处：《环境化学》2017年第11期2451-2461,共11页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(41130531)资助~~

摘　　要：以乌鲁木齐水磨河沿岸土壤为研究对象,共采集122个表层(0—20 cm)土样,通过测定Pb、Cu、Cr、Ni、Zn、Mn、V、As等8种痕量金属的含量,采用富集系数法和地累积指数法评价土壤痕量金属的污染程度,利用Kriging空间插值法了解痕量金属的分布特征,并运用多元统计分析法进行污染源的解析.结果表明,As、Zn、Cu、Pb、Cr、Ni和V等7种金属元素的平均浓度均未超出国家土壤环境质量二级标准限制,但均高于新疆土壤元素背景值,表现出较明显的表层聚集趋势和不同程度的变异性.水磨河沿岸土壤总体处于轻度污染状态.其中Ni为主要污染物,受到污染的样品比例达到72.7%,属于轻-中度污染,其次是Cu和V.水磨河沿岸土壤中Zn与Pb和Cu呈极显著正相关,Ni与Zn、Pb和Cr呈负相关,表层土壤痕量金属累积主要受工业排放源、交通运输源、农业生产源和自然源的影响.水磨河沿岸土壤中8种痕量金属的单因子潜在生态风险等级和综合潜在生态风险等级均处于低风险水平,暂未对水磨河流域的生态环境构成威胁.In the present study,122 topsoil（ 0—20 cm layer） samples were collected from riparian of Shuimo River in Urumqi,and the contents of 8 trace metals（ Pb,Cu,Cr,Ni,Zn,Mn,V and As） were determined. Based on the results,the contamination level of soil by trace metals was evaluated by enrichment factor and geoaccumulation index, the distribution characteristics was investigated by geoaccumalation index and kriging interpolation and the sources of trace metals were analyzed by multi-variate statistics analysis. Results showed that the average contents of Pb,Cu,Cr,Ni,Zn,V and As did not exceed the Secondary Standard of National Soil Environmental Quality,but were higher than the background values of soils in Xinjiang. They exhibited an upper accumulation trend and different degrees of variability. Overally,the riparian soils of Shuimo River were slightly polluted. The major pollutant was Ni,which was detected in 72.7% of the samples,and reached light-to-moderate pollution. Cu and V were the secondary pollutants.Correlation analysis and principal component analysis showed that in the riparian soils of Shuimo River,Zn was positively correlated with Pb and Cu,while Ni was negatively correlated with Zn、Pb and Cr. Industrial activities,transportation,agricultural production and natural factors were identified as the main sources of soil trace metals for the study area. The potential ecology risk evaluation showed that the single factor potential ecological risk（ Eir） and the integrated potential ecology risks（ RI） of the eight trace metals were relatively low,and would not pose threats to the ecological environment of Shuimo River.

关 键 词：水磨河 痕量金属 沿岸土壤 地累积指数 乌鲁木齐 污染特征 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]