长期施肥下潮土全氮、碱解氮含量与氮素投入水平关系  

Relationship between total nitrogen,alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen content and nitrogen input levels in fluvo-aquic soil under long term fertilization

作　　者：张水清[1,2] 林杉[2] 郭斗斗[1] 宋晓 张珂珂[1] 黄绍敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所,河南郑州450002 [2]华中农业大学资源与环境学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2017年第6期23-29,共7页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划-小麦-玉米两熟制农田土壤培肥与耕作关键技术(2017YFD0301103);河南省科技攻关项目-典型潮土活性有机质增产技术研究与应用(162102110010);国家自然科学基金(41201255)

摘　　要：通过长期肥料定位试验,对不同施肥处理下潮土全氮和碱解氮含量演变特征及其与氮素投入水平的关系进行研究。结果表明,不施氮肥处理,土壤全氮和碱解氮含量基本保持平衡或者缓慢增加;长期施用化学氮肥处理,土壤全氮和碱解氮含量均有所增加;施用有机肥和秸秆还田处理,土壤全氮和碱解氮含量均显著提高。单施化学氮肥处理每投入氮素1 kg/hm2,土壤全氮含量增加0.017 mg/kg;而氮磷钾化肥配施有机肥和氮磷钾化肥并秸秆还田处理每投入氮素1 kg/hm2,土壤全氮含量分别增加0.049和0.035 mg/kg。施氮磷钾处理每投入氮素1 kg/hm2,土壤碱解氮含量增加0.001 mg/kg;而化肥配施有机肥或玉米秸秆处理每投入氮素1 kg/hm2,土壤碱解氮含量均增加0.004和0.004 mg/kg。总的来说,施用化学氮肥、有机肥配施化肥及秸秆还田处理增加氮素投入量均可以提高土壤全氮及碱解氮含量,且有机肥配施化肥及秸秆还田处理优于单施化肥。综上所述,增施有机肥及秸秆还田对于提升土壤肥力及实现农业可持续发展具有深远意义。A long-term field experiment was used to investigate the evolution of soil fertility under application of inorganic fertil- izers combined with organic fertilizers in Zhengzbou city of China. The dynamic patterns of soil total nitrogen and alkali hydro- lyzed nitrogen content were investigated in different fertilizer treatments and the relationships between soil nitrogen, alkali hy- drolyzed nitrogen content and the nitrogen input levels were examined. The results showed that when no nitrogen was applied, soil total nitrogen and alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen content maintained at the initial level. Soil total nitrogen and alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen content increased with inorganic fertilizers （ NPK treatment）, but showed no significant difference. Application of or- ganic manure and corn straw treatments both significantly increased soil total nitrogen and alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen content. In the NPK treatment, 1 kg/hm2 of N input increased the soil total nitrogen content by 0. 017 mg/kg. In the treatment of combi- nation of NPK with manure or straw, the increase were 0.049 and 0.035 mg/kg, respectively. In treatment of NPK, 1 kg/hm2 of N input increased the soil alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen content increase by 0. 001 mg/kg. In the treatment of combi- nation of NPK with manure or straw, the increase were 0. 004 and 0. 004 mg/kg, respectively. In general, application of chemical fertilizer, organic manure or corn straw could increase the soil total nitrogen and alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen content and the effect of organic manure combined with chemical fertilizer and straw treatment was better than that of NPK treatment. There- fore, applying manure and straw incorporation are of far-reaching significance in improving soil fertility and realizing sustainable development of agriculture.

关 键 词：长期施肥 潮土 全氮 碱解氮 氮素投入 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学]