惠州市2011—2016年发热伴出疹性疾病病原学分析  

Etiology study on rash and fever illness in Huizhou,2011-2016

作　　者：刘燕[1] 方巧云[1] 曾健君[1] 严宇斌[1] 徐励琴[1] 

机构地区：[1]惠州市疾病预防控制中心,广东惠州516003

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2017年第11期1086-1088,共3页China Tropical Medicine

基　　金："十二五"国家科技重大专项(No.2012ZX10004213)

摘　　要：目的分析2011年1月—2016年12月惠州市发热伴出疹性疾病(rash and fever illness,RFIs)的病原谱构成及流行特征,为临床诊断、治疗和RFIs的预防控制提供科学依据。方法应用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应、酶联免疫吸附测定方法和细菌分离鉴定方法对1 360例临床标本进行风疹、麻疹、肠道病毒、水痘-带状疱疹、登革热、人类小DNA病毒B19、伤寒副伤寒等病原学检测,并用Excel软件和χ~2检验对结果进行分析。结果 1 360例样本中检出688例RFIs病原体阳性标本,阳性率为50.59%。病原谱构成前4位为肠道病毒、麻疹病毒、水痘病毒和风疹病毒。年龄组不同感染的病原谱构成也不同:8月龄以下年龄组以麻疹病毒为主,8~月龄组以肠道病毒为主,风疹在16~岁年龄组的检出率高于其他年龄组,而水痘在8~岁年龄组的检出率高于其他年龄组;不同病原体在不同年龄组阳性率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001),不同性别患者之间病原体检出率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论肠道病毒和麻疹病毒是本地RFIs感染的主要病原体。部分病原体的感染与年龄有一定的关联。积极推行水痘、麻疹、风疹、EV71等疫苗的接种是控制RFIs发病的主要措施。Objective To investigate the pathogenic spectrum and epidemiological characteristics of rash and fever illness （RFIs） in Huizhou City from January 2011 to December 2016, so as to provide the evidence for clinical diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control. Methods The real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction （real-time PCR） and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） were used to detect rubella virus, measles virus, enterovirus, varicella- zoster virus （VZV）, human DNA virus B19, and typhoid bacteria and paratyphoid bacteria from 1 360 samples. Excel software and X2 test were used to analysis the detection results. Results RFIs pathogens were found in 688 samples, accounting for 59.59%. The dominant viruses in the pathogenic spectrum were enterovirus, measles virus, VZV and rubella virus. The dominant pathogens were different with the age. The 8 months and below age group was dominandy infected with measles virus, and the 8 months to 3 years age group dominantly with EV71. The rubella virus infection rate in the 16-25 years age group was higher than that in other age groups, and the detection ratio of VZV at the 8-15 years age group was higher than that of other age groups. The detection rate was not statistically significant among different gender patients. The positive rates of pathogens were statistically significant different among the different age groups. Conclusion Enterovirus and measles virus are the main pathogens leading to RFIs in Huizhou City. Some pathogens＇ incidence rates are related to the age of patients. The main measure to control the incidence of RFIs is to actively implement the vaccination of varicella, measles, rubella and EV71.

关 键 词：发热伴出疹性疾病 病原学 酶联免疫吸附 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]