2015年广西居民健康素养监测结果分析  

Analysis of the residents' health literacy surveillance in Guangxi in 2015

作　　者：梁绍伶[1] 周荣军[1] 姚美[1] 杨小春[1] 陆松仪[1] 熊绮梦[1] 张鸿满[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区疾病预防控制中心,广西南宁530028

出　　处：《应用预防医学》2017年第6期445-450,共6页Applied Preventive Medicine

基　　金：中央补助地方全民健康素养促进行动项目

摘　　要：目的了解广西居民健康素养水平现状,探索其主要影响因素,为制订提升居民健康素养水平措施和策略提供依据。方法 2015年采用分层多阶段整群PPS抽样方法,在广西抽取12个区县的非集体居住的15~69岁常住人口进行健康素养问卷调查。采用SPSS 20.0软件进行健康素养水平的加权调整统计分析,分类计数资料采用卡方χ2检验,多因素分析采用logistic回归分析。结果在被抽中的12个县(区)完成了2 806人的问卷调查。2015年广西居民健康素养水平为5.41%。单因素分析显示城市地区居民健康素养水平高于农村,年青人高于老年人,汉族人群最高,壮族最低,医务人员高于其他职业人群;文化程度越高则健康素养水平越高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);35岁以上居民健康素养水平随年龄增加而下降。基本知识和理念、生活方式与行为、基本健康技能三个维度健康素养水平分别为9.19%、7.16%和11.69%;六类健康问题素养水平分别为安全与急救38.72%、科学健康观22.47%、传染病预防13.58%、健康信息获取9.09%、基本医疗8.17%、慢性病防治3.20%。上述两种细分类的健康素养水平在人群中分布特点与总体素养水平基本一致。具备健康生活方式与行为、基本健康技能素养者慢性病患病率均相应比缺乏该两类素养者低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示文化程度、职业、民族、城乡与健康素养水平密切相关(P<0.05)。结论广西城乡居民健康素养水平处于较低水平,其中慢性病防治和基本医疗素养水平最低。居民健康素养与个人教育水平和职业、健康教育与促进等健康服务因素以及社会环境因素等均密切相关。建议大力开展健康教育和健康促进工作,采取针对性措施提升广西居民健康素养水平。Objective To grasp the level and influencing factors of health literacy in the urban and rural residents in Guangxi province for decision-making on health literacy promotion. Methods The stratified multistage cluster and PPS sampling methods were adopted in the surveillance in non-collective residents aged 15-69 years in 12 counties/districts of Guangxi in 2015. The data were analyzed by the SPSS 20 to count the weightadjusted health literacy levels. The influencing factors were analyzed by the logistic regression model. Results The sampled residents for investigating were from 12 monitoring points(counties/districts) and 2806 questionnaires were collected. The overall level of adjusted health literacy among the urban and rural residents of Guangxi in 2015 was 5.41%.The level of health literacy of the urban residents was higher than that of the rural. The youths, persons with higher educations, medical personnel had higher level of health literacy. In persons over 35 years old, the literacy level decreased with age increasing. Health literacy of the three aspects as the basic knowledge and concepts, the health life style and behavior and the basic health skills was 9.19%, 7.16% and 11.69%, respectively;the health literacy of the six health issues as the safety and first aid, the scientific view of health, communicable diseases prevention, health information, basic medical care and chronic diseases prevention was 38.72%,22.47%, 13.58%, 9.09%, 8.17% and 3.20%, respectively. The person groups having higher levels of the general health literacy also had the higher level literacy of the six health issues or the three aspects of the health literacy. The prevalence of the chronic diseases among the residents with health life style amd behaviors and health skill literacy was significantly lower than that without(P<0.05). The multiple influencing factors analysis showed that individual's education level, occupation, nationality and urban/rural residency were the influencing factors of the level of health literacy(P<0.05).

关 键 词：广西 居民 健康素养 监测 影响因素 

分 类 号：R169.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]