六水氯化钙基无机水合盐相变储能材料的研究进展  

Research progress of calcium chloride hexahydrate phase change material

作　　者：张新星 周园[1] 李翔[1] 申月 海春喜[1] 董欧阳[1] 任秀峰[1] 曾金波[1] 孙艳霞[1,2] 王石军 杨小波 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院盐湖资源综合高效利用重点实验室,青海省盐湖资源化学重点实验室,中国科学院青海盐湖研究所,青海西宁810008 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]青海省盐湖资源综合利用重点实验室,青海格尔木816000

出　　处：《储能科学与技术》2018年第1期40-47,共8页Energy Storage Science and Technology

基　　金：青海省先进材料技术创新基地项目(2013-G-Q12A-1)

摘　　要：六水氯化钙具有适宜的相变温度(29℃)、较高的相变焓值(191 J/g左右)、原料廉价易得和安全无毒等诸多优点,在未来中低温物理储能领域有着巨大的应用潜力。但它同时具有过冷、相分离和易泄露等典型缺陷,因而限制了它的应用。一般地,成核剂和相分离剂被用来解决过冷和相分离问题,微胶囊和多孔基吸附用来解决泄露问题,这些研究在抑制缺陷方面取得了良好的进展,但进一步的性能改善仍然有待探索。本文综述了六水氯化钙相变储能材料的过冷,相分离和泄漏问题的原理及其研究现状。并对后续的研究方向做了如下展望:采用高传热纳米粒子,多孔吸附基改善过冷;采用高导热的增稠剂或控制结晶过程改善相分离;采用高导热和高强度的包覆层物质制备微胶囊来改善泄露;改善多孔吸附的工艺制备表面清洁的复合材料来改善泄漏;注重单一添加剂的多种功能的实现。Calcium chloride hexahydrate, possessing many advantages including suitable operating temperature （29 ℃）, high enthalpy of phase change （around 191 J/ g）, low price and easy obtaining of raw material, security and non-toxic property, is a promising medium-low temperature phase change material in Physical energy storage. However, it suffers from sugpercooling, phase separation and leakage, which limit its applications. Generally, Nucleating agent and thickening agent can be used to solve the problems of supercooling and phase separation. Microcapsulation and porous adsorption may help to overcome the leakage problem. Although some progresses have been achieved, further explorings of modifying properties still need to be done. In this paper, the mechanisms and recent work on those problems are summarized .In addition, some predictions are presented, including using high thermal conductivity nanoparticles and porous materials to inhibit the supercooling, utilizing high thermal conductivity thickening agents or controlling the process of crystallization to prevent the phase separation, finding high thermal conductivity and high strength package materials to prevent leakage, improving the technology of making porous adsorption composites to prepare surface-clean materials and achieving multiple functions with single addictive.

关 键 词：相变储能材料 无机水合盐 六水氯化妈 过冷 相分离 泄漏 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]