高速岩质滑坡碰撞碎裂机理物理实验研究  

PHYSICAL EXPERIMENT ON COLLISION FRAGMENTATION MECHANISM OF HIGH-SPEED ROCKSLIDE

作　　者：罗刚 胡卸文 付建康 马洪生 尹丕华 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学地球科学与环境工程学院,成都610031 [2]高速铁路运营安全空间信息技术国家地方联合工程实验室,成都610031 [3]四川省交通运输厅公路规划勘察设计研究院,成都610041 [4]凉山州地质环境监测站,西昌615000

出　　处：《工程地质学报》2017年第6期1527-1536,共10页Journal of Engineering Geology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(41402266);中央高校基本科研业务费创新项目(2682015CX011);中国国家留学基金委留学基金(访问学者);四川交通建设科技项目(2015A1-3)资助

摘　　要：大型高速岩质滑坡的碰撞碎裂解体对其运动特性有显著控制效应,进而影响堆积体的地质结构和稳定性。本文以唐家山高速滑坡为研究对象,基于地质分析原理,解译了滑体碰撞碎裂过程和特征。通过岩石坠落碰撞试验,量化了碎屑物粒径,岩块质量损失与碰撞速度的关系,得出碰撞速度增加会使碰撞块体质量损失增大,碎裂物粒径更小,从而降低滑体摩擦系数。开展碰撞前后岩块的岩石常规力学实验,发现碰撞后岩石的力学参数指标会降低。最后借助岩石滑槽碰撞模型试验,获取岩块撞击方式和撞击速度等对滑距和堆积形态的控制效应。研究可为高速岩石滑坡成灾范围的预测提供借鉴。The evolution of collision-fragmentation-disintegration has a significant control effect on the motional characteristics of large-scale high-speed rockslides, and affects the geological structure characteristics and the stability of accumulation body. This paper takes Tangjiashan high-speed rockslide as research object. It relies on the geological analysis principle. It interprets the fragmentation process and characteristics of collided sliding body. It further carries out the falling-collision experiments of cylindrical rock blocks drilled from the deposits. The weight loss induced by collision is quantified and the grading size of fragments is analyzed. In term of observation, it is shown that the higher the impacting velocities, the more mass loss, the finer the fragments tend to be, of which the friction coefficient is usually lower than the initial intact rocks. Moreover, the conventional mechanics experiment ofimpacted rock before and after collision is carried out to obtain the correlation between the impacting velocity and the mechanical parameters of rock blocks. The result shows that collision could greatly reduce the mechanical indexes of rock masses. Considering the macroscopic condition, the physical collision model experiment along a designed channel is implemented to acquire the relationship between the velocity and pattern of collision and the runout of landslide, as well as the accumulation form. The conclusion could provide some reference for the scope prediction of high-speed rockslide.

关 键 词：高速岩质滑坡 碰撞破碎机理 力学参数 滑距 

分 类 号：P642.22[天文地球—工程地质学]