伊斯兰世界U型认同与恐怖组织类型关联性研究  

The Correlation Study between the "U"-type Identity and Types of Terrorist Organizations in the Islamic World

作　　者：姜鹏 

机构地区：[1]外交学院国际关系研究所 [2]哈尔滨工程大学形势与政策研究中心

出　　处：《国际安全研究》2018年第1期130-155,160,共26页Journal of International Security Studies

基　　金：本文系教育部哲学社科重大课题攻关项目“中国特色大国外交研究”(项目号：15JZDH032)的阶段成果;第60批中国博士后科学基金面上资助(项目号：2016M601070)的阶段成果.

摘　　要：自"阿拉伯之春"以降,伊斯兰极端主义日益成为全球非传统安全研究领域的主要议题。以往的研究已经注意到极端宗教思想对"一失败,即溃散"的弥散型恐怖主义之影响,但对于弥散型恐怖主义生成根源、传播路径与扩散范围却没有形成系统性的区分与探讨。基于对伊斯兰文明圈核心区域、半边缘区域和边缘区域在宗教地位、部族影响、民族国家认同与区域权力结构四种因素的区分,在伊斯兰文明核心区域容易形成向外围单向辐射的跨国弥散型恐怖主义;而在伊斯兰文明边缘区域容易接受来自文明核心区域的影响并成为伊斯兰极端主义扩张工具与动员手段。半边缘区域因地缘上的过渡性和宗教上的亚文明特征而介于两者之间。"一带一路"倡议途径广大的伊斯兰国家,为确保中国海外投资安全,在伊斯兰文明核心区和半边缘区域应该注重发展同当地部族关系,而在边缘区则需要强化政府间官方合作。With the rise of the Arab Spring movement, Islamic extremism has become a hot issue in the field of non-traditional security research both in China and abroad.Previous studies have observed the influence of extremist religious thoughts on diffuse terrorism. However, there is no systematic study of its root cause, transmission route and diffusion scope. Based on the distinctive features of such four elements as religious status, tribal influence, national identity and regional power structure in the core regions, semi-fringe regions and fringe regions within the circle of the Islamic civilization, the core regions of the Islamic civilization often see the transnational diffuse terrorism radiating towards the surrounding regions. However, the fringe regions of the Islamic civilization are liable to be affected by the thoughts coming from the core regions and fall victim to Islamic extremism. The semi-fringe regions are simply stuck in between due to its bridging geographical and religious characteristics. Since the Belt and Road Initiative involves many Islamic countries, in order to safeguard China's overseas investment, the Chinese government should attach more importance to its relations with local tribes in the core and semi-fringe regions of the Islamic civilization and consolidate official intergovernmental cooperation in the fringe regions.

关 键 词：弥散型恐怖主义 伊斯兰极端主义 国际反恐 一带一路 

分 类 号：D815.5[政治法律—国际关系]