皮质骨中骨单元应力集中效应的有限元分析  

Finite element analysis on the stress concentration effect of osteons in cortical bone

作　　者：李昊[1] 李瑞欣[1] 冷雪[1] 韩标[1] 刘迎节[1,2] 李楷人 张西正[1] 

机构地区：[1]军事医学科学院卫生装备研究所,天津300161 [2]天津医科大学总医院骨科,天津300052

出　　处：《医用生物力学》2017年第6期500-505,共6页Journal of Medical Biomechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11432016;31470935);天津市自然科学基金面上项目(16JCYBJC28500)

摘　　要：目的建立包含骨单元的皮质骨三维实体模型,通过有限元分析验证骨单元的应力集中效应,并对应力集中位置进行疲劳仿真和预测。方法利用Pro/E wildfire 5.0和ANSYS 12.0软件建立包含骨单元的皮质骨三维实体模型,在不同轴向压缩载荷条件下计算分析皮质骨中局部应力和应变分布情况;选取关键位置进行疲劳仿真,预测不同疲劳载荷强度下骨组织的疲劳状态。结果轴向压缩载荷作用下,骨单元附近会出现明显的应力集中效应,随着压缩载荷的增加,模型内部病理性局部应变的比例逐渐增大;关键位置的疲劳仿真结果证明了骨组织生理强度运动时的低疲劳风险,也预测了高强度运动或训练时骨组织疲劳骨折的高风险。结论成功建立了包含骨单元的皮质骨三维实体模型,验证了骨单元的应力集中效应,预测了高强度运动训练条件下骨组织的疲劳损伤位置和风险,实验结果可为部队新兵或中长跑运动员运动训练计划的制定以及运动疲劳损伤的预防提供参考。Objective To construct a three-dimensional（3D） solid model of the cortical bone including osteons,verify the stress concentration effect of osteons,simulate and predict the stress concentration location under fatigue using finite element analysis（FEA）. Methods The 3D solid model of the cortical bone including osteons was constructed in Pro/E wildfire 5. 0,and local stress and strain distributions in the cortical bone under different axial compression were calculated and analyzed in ANSYS 12. 0. Fatigue simulation on the selected locations was conducted to evaluate fatigue status of the model subjected to different fatigue loading intensities. Results Obvious stress concentration at the junction of osteon and the interstitical bone appeared under axial compressive loads,and the percentage of pathological local strain in the cortical bone increased with the axial compression increasing. Fatigue simulation on the selected locations demonstrated that bone fatigue risk during physiological or daily activities was very low,while a high fatigue or fracture risk might occur during high-intensity exercises or training. Conclusions The 3D solid model of the cortical bone including osteons is successfully established,the stress concentration effect of osteons is verified,and the location of bone fatigue damage under strenuous exercise and its risk are predicted. These experimental results can provide references for training management and athletic fatigue damage prevention in military recruits and long distance running athletes.

关 键 词：骨单元 应力集中 高强度训练 疲劳损伤 有限元分析 

分 类 号：R318.01[医药卫生—生物医学工程]