家庭生命周期对土地规模经营的影响研究  

The Effect of Family Life Cycle on Land-Scale Management

作　　者：诸培新[1] 杨子 饶芳萍 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学公共管理学院

出　　处：《中国人口科学》2017年第6期43-53,共11页Chinese Journal of Population Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金"政府主导下农地流转对农户收入不平等影响研究:作用机制与政策调控"(编号:71373128)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：文章从理论上探究家庭生命周期的变化对土地经营规模及土地流转决策的影响机制,利用2013年中国家庭收入调查(CHIP)数据,分析了家庭生命周期对土地规模经营的影响。研究发现:(1)农户土地经营规模随着家庭生命周期的演变呈"倒U形"态势,成长的核心家庭、成熟的核心家庭和扩大家庭的土地经营规模明显高于空巢家庭,独居家庭的土地经营规模明显小于空巢家庭。(2)随着家庭生命周期的演变,农户土地流转决策偏好从转入逐渐变为转出。成长的核心家庭、成熟的核心家庭和扩大家庭转入土地的概率较高,转出概率较低,而独居家庭转入土地的概率较低,转出概率较高。(3)农民城镇化后的社会保障可获得性对成长的核心家庭、成熟的核心家庭和扩大家庭的土地规模经营决策的影响存在显著差异。因此,为实现适度规模经营、促进农业现代化,对家庭生命周期不同阶段的农户应当采取差别化的土地和劳动力配置激励政策,同时提高社会保障水平。This paper theoretically explores the impact mechanism of family life cycle on land scale and land transfer decisions, and analyzes the actual impact of family life cycle on land scale by using the 2013 CHIPs data. The results show that(1) famers' land scale tends to show an"inversed U"shape with the evolution of the family life cycle. The land scales among growing nuclear family, mature nuclear family and expanded family are all bigger than that in empty nest family. The land scale of widowed family is smaller than that of empty nest family.(2) With the evolution of the family life cycle, the decision-making preference of farmers' land transfer has shifted from renting-in to renting-out. Growing nuclear family, mature nuclear family and expanded family all reflect a high probability to rent land in but a low probability to rent land out. In comparison, the widowed family has a low probability to rent land in but a high probability to rent land out.(3) The impacts of household head social security availability in urbanization on decision-making are significantly different among growing nuclear family, mature nuclear family and expanded family. Therefore, in order to promote a moderate scale management and modernized agricultural development polices inducing land and labor allocation should be varied. It is also important to raise the social secure level.

关 键 词：家庭生命周期 农户经济行为 土地流转 规模经营 

分 类 号：F321.1[经济管理—产业经济]