美国、欧盟、日本和世界卫生组织环境与健康风险交流的经验及启示  

Enlightenment from environment and health risk communication experience in the United States,European Union, Japan, and World Health Organization

作　　者：向明灯[1] 黄科茂 李良忠[1] 林必桂[1] 汪正东[1] 任明忠[1] 郭庶[1] 梁明易[1] 

机构地区：[1]环境保护部华南环境科学研究所,国家环境保护环境污染健康风险评价重点实验室,广东广州510535 [2]中山大学环境科学与工程学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《环境与职业医学》2017年第12期1098-1104,共7页Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(编号:2017A020216017);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项(编号:PM-zx703-201701-013,PM-zx703-201701-034)

摘　　要：当前公众对环境与健康问题日益关注,风险交流是环境健康风险管理过程中联系利益各方的纽带,是促进公众理性应对环境与健康风险的有效渠道,是防范环境与健康风险的重要手段。本文综述美国、欧盟、日本和世界卫生组织等发达国家、地区和组织的环境与健康风险交流的技术研究及管理应用现状,分析我国在这些领域的现状和存在问题。在借鉴相关国际经验的基础上,从国家制度建设、科学和技术研究、机构与人员建设、社会宣传与多方参与四个方面,提出了我国环境与健康风险交流工作的对策建议。With the increasing attention being given to environment and health issues, risk communication has become the bond connecting interested parties involved in environment and health management process, the effective channel for the public to rationnally respond to environment and health risks, and the important means to prevent environment and health risks as well. This paper analyzed current situation and problems in China by reviewing technical studies, management, and application of environment and health risk communication in developed countries, regions, and organizations （e.g. the United States, the European Union, Japan, and World Health Organization）. Based on relevant international experience, suggestions about environment and health risk communication in China were offered in the following aspects including national system improvement, scientific and technical research, institutional building and personnel development, and social advocacy and multi-stakeholder involvement.

关 键 词：风险交流 风险管理 环境与健康 技术文件 经验借鉴 

分 类 号：X33[环境科学与工程—环境工程]