山林经济变动与信贷契约书写的演变——清代歙县璜尖村的个案研究  

Forestry Economy Changes for Evolution of the Form of Credit Contract——A Study Based on Huangjian Village of She County during Qing Dynasty

作　　者：黄忠鑫 

机构地区：[1]安徽大学徽学研究中心,安徽合肥230039 [2]暨南大学历史地理研究中心,广东广州510632

出　　处：《中国农史》2017年第6期101-113,17,共14页Agricultural History of China

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目"近代徽州宗族与乡村社会变迁与转型研究"(16JJD770003)

摘　　要：18、19世纪皖浙交界地区的璜尖村山林经济的变动引起了契约文书书写的变化。1780年以前,山场以蓄养林木和茶叶种植为主,山林土地交易市场发育并不显著,土地交易以没有回赎期限的活卖契为主,而当契仅局限在田地交易之中。1780年以后,大批棚民入居并长期租赁山场茶园,种植玉米等杂粮,带动了当地山地开发,提升了山林经济价值,土地流转频繁。此后的山地交易开始流行有明确回赎期和利息的当契,活卖契也开始增添了明确将回赎期限作为是否向绝买契转变的内容,典契和活卖契的内容趋于一致。这一个案表明,活卖契脱胎于卖的行为,仍保留了基本小农生存伦理的原则;当契适应不断商业化的市场逻辑,并对活卖契书写细节的变化具有重要影响。In 18 and 19 Century, the change of the forest economy in the Huangjian village caused the changes in the writing of the contract documents. After 1780, a large number of shed people settled and planted tea, corn and other grains, led the local mountain development, enhanced the economic value of forest land, and frequent circulation. The flexible buying contracts originated from selling behavior, still retained the basic ethical principles of peasant survival; the pawn contracts adapt to the market continuously, and had important influence on the form details of the flexible buying contracts.

关 键 词：契约 山林经济 清代 棚民 

分 类 号：S-09[农业科学] K207[历史地理—历史学]