血培养分离菌的分布及耐药性  

The research on distribution and antibiotic resistance of pathogens bacteria isolates from blood culture samples

作　　者：段纯 喻艳林[1] 

机构地区：[1]皖南医学院弋矶山医院感染性疾病科,安徽芜湖241001

出　　处：《牡丹江医学院学报》2017年第6期24-28,共5页Journal of Mudanjiang Medical University

摘　　要：目的了解该院血培养分离菌的分布及耐药情况。方法回顾性分析2016年临床阳性血培养资料,对病原菌检出及耐药率进行统计分析。结果 382株非重复分离株中,革兰阳性菌占57.6%(220株),革兰阴性菌占40.8%(156株),真菌占1.6%(6株)。革兰阳性菌以凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌为主,主要分布在NICU及儿科,对青霉素耐药严重,对替加环素、万古霉素、利奈唑胺非常敏感。革兰阴性菌以大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌肺炎亚种和鲍曼不动杆菌复合菌为主,主要分布在血液科、ICU和感染科,对氨苄西林耐药严重,对部分碳青霉烯类和阿米卡星等较敏感。结论引起血流感染的病原菌的菌种复杂、耐药率高,临床应重视血培养分离菌的耐药性监测,加强抗菌药物的合理使用。Objective To investigate the distribution and antibiotic resistance of pathogens bacteria isolates from the blood samples. Methods Retrospective analysis of clinical positive blood culture data collected in the hospital from January to December of 2016 was carried out. Meanwhile, statistical analysis of pathogenic bacteria detection and drug resistance was conducted. Results Gram - positive bacteria, gram -negative bacteria and fungi accounted for 57.6% （220/382）, 40.8% （156/382） and 1.6% （6/382）of the 382 nonduplicate isolates respectively. Coagulase negative staphylococcus and staphylococcus aureus were predominant in the gram - positive bacteria, which were mainly distributed in NICU and department of pediatrics. Penicillin had high drug resistance rate to coagulase negative staphylococcus and staphylococcus aureus, however, Tigecycline,vancomycin and linezolid had high drug susceptibility to coagulase negative staphylococcus and staphylococcus aureus. Eschefiehia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae pneumonia and Bowman＇s acacia bacteria were the predominant in the gram - negative bacteria, which were mainly distributed in department of hematology, ICU and department of infections . The gram - negative bacteria had high drug - resistant to ampicillin,however, it had drug susceptibility to amikacin and some carbapenems. Conclusion The species of pathogenic bacteria causing bloodstream infection were complex and had high drug resistance rate , so that clinical attention should be payed to the monitoring of drug resistance of the pathogens bacteria causing bloodstream infections and strengthening the rational use of antibiotics.

关 键 词：血培养 血流感染 病原菌 耐药性 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]