典型入湖河流水体氮素变化特征及其对降雨的响应:以太湖乌溪港为例  

Characteristics of Nitrogen Variation and Its Response to Rainfall: A Case Study in Wuxi Port at Taihu Lake Basin

作　　者：连慧姝 刘宏斌[1] 李旭东[2] 宋挺[3,4] 刘申 雷秋良[1] 任天志[6] 武淑霞[1] 李影[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所农业部面源污染控制重点实验室,北京100081 [2]上海交通大学农业与生物学院,上海200240 [3]南京信息工程大学环境科学与工程学院,南京210044 [4]无锡市环境监测中心站,无锡214121 [5]航天信息股份有限公司,北京100195 [6]农业部环境保护科研监测所,天津300191

出　　处：《环境科学》2017年第12期5047-5055,共9页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31572208);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303089);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20150975)

摘　　要：以2010~2015年太湖主要入湖港口乌溪港的水质监测数据为基础,结合当地降雨资料,分析了乌溪港水体中氮素的时间变化特征及其对降雨的响应.结果表明,乌溪港水体污染情况严峻,总氮年均值在4.41~5.92 mg·L^(-1)之间,远超地表水环境质量标准Ⅴ类限值2 mg·L^(-1),氨氮在1.09~1.72 mg·L^(-1)之间.总氮和氨氮浓度呈现明显的季节性变化规律,春冬季节浓度高,夏秋季节浓度较低.2015、2011、2012年总氮浓度均值分别为5.92、5.47、5.82 mg·L^(-1),显著高于2013年4.45mg·L^(-1)和2014年4.41 mg·L^(-1),2011年氨氮浓度均值为1.72 mg·L^(-1),显著高于2013年1.19 mg·L^(-1)和2015年1.09mg·L^(-1).随着降雨强度的增加,总氮浓度呈现先降低后升高最后又降低的趋势,氨氮浓度则先升高后逐渐降低.此外,氮素浓度呈现非汛期高于汛期的特征.Based on monitoring data of the water quality in the Wuxi port estuary of Taihu Lake from 2010 to 2015, we studied the temporal variation characteristics of nitrogen and its response to rainfall in Wuxi port. The results showed that the pollution level in Wuxi port is serious, with an average annual total nitrogen （ TN） concentration of （4. 41- 5. 92 mg·L - 1 ）, worse than the water environment quality grade V standard （2 mg·L - 1 ）. The ammonia nitrogen （NH ＋4 -N） concentration was 1. 09-1. 72 mg·L - 1 . The concentrations of TN and NH ＋4 -N showed obvious seasonal variations, with the concentration of TN and NH ＋4 -N in summer and autumn higher than in spring and winter. The concentration of TN in 2015, 2012, and 2011 was 5. 92, 5. 82, and 5. 47 mg·L - 1 , respectively, which was significantly higher than in 2013 and 2014. The concentration of NH ＋4 -N in 2011 （1. 72 mg·L - 1 ） was higher than in 2013 and 2015. With the increase of rainfall intensity, the TN concentration showed an increase after the first downward trend and then a decrease, while the NH ＋4 -N concentration increased first and then decreased. In addition, the nitrogen concentration in the non-flood season was higher than in the flood season.

关 键 词：入湖河流 总氮 氨氮 时间变化特征 降雨 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]