低温高铁锰氨氮地下水生物同池净化  

Removal of High Concentration of Iron,Manganese and Ammonia Nitrogen from Low Temperature Groundwater Using Single Bio-filter

作　　者：李冬[1] 曹瑞华[1] 杨航[2] 王刘煜 张杰[1,2] 曾辉平[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学水质科学与水环境恢复工程北京市重点实验室,北京100124 [2]哈尔滨工业大学城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室,哈尔滨150090

出　　处：《环境科学》2017年第12期5097-5105,共9页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51678006)

摘　　要：为实现低温(5~6℃)高铁锰氨氮[TFe 9.0~12.0 mg·L^(-1)、Fe(Ⅱ)6.5~8.0 mg·L^(-1),Mn(Ⅱ)1.9~2.1 mg·L^(-1),NH_4^+-N 1.4~1.7 mg·L^(-1)]地下水生物同池净化,以中试模拟滤柱在某水厂进行了实验研究.结果表明,出水总铁在启动之初即能合格,出水氨氮和锰分别在72 d和75 d实现净化.工艺启动周期受培养温度和原水水质影响较大.滤速越大,锰的极限去除量越低,滤速≥1.0 m·h^(-1)时,锰的极限去除量为3.0 mg·L^(-1).锰是滤速提升的限制因素,工艺极限滤速是4.5m·h^(-1).滤速≤6.0 m·h^(-1)时,氨氮的极限去除量为1.5 mg·L^(-1),且不受滤速影响,溶解氧(dissolved oxygen,DO)不足导致工艺对更高浓度氨氮净化失败.DO充足的条件下,工艺净化所需滤层厚度随锰和氨氮浓度增加而增厚.滤速增大会导致铁锰氨氧化去除区间向滤层深处位移,发生"锰"溶出现象.进一步分析表明,铁和氨氮在滤层内可同步氧化去除;锰的高效氧化去除区间与铁和氨氮的高效氧化去除区间存在明显分级.A pilot-scale bio-filter was constructed for the removal of high concentrations of iron （TFe 9. 0-12. 0 mg·L - 1 , Fe（Ⅱ） 6. 5-8. 0 mg·L - 1 ）, manganese （1. 9-2. 1 mg·L - 1 ）, and ammonia nitrogen （1. 4-1. 7 mg·L - 1 ） simultaneously from low temperature （5-6℃） groundwater in a plant. The results showed that iron was removed at the beginning of the bio-filter start-up, and manganese and ammonia nitrogen were removed on day 72 and day 75, respectively. The start-up period was influenced by the culture temperature and the raw water quality. For higher filtration rates, the removal of manganese was lower. When the filtration rate was more than 1. 0 m·h - 1 , the maximum removal of manganese was about 3. 0 mg·L - 1 . Manganese was the limiting factor for the increase of filtration rate, and the maximum filtration rate of the single bio-filter was 4. 5 m·h - 1 . When the filtration rate was less than 6. 0 m·h - 1 , the removal of ammonia nitrogen was about 1. 5 mg·L - 1 , which was not affected by the filtration rate. Dissolved oxygen （DO） deficiency led to failure with the removal of more ammonia nitrogen. The required thickness of the bio-filter required for purification increased as the concentration of manganese and ammonia nitrogen increased when DO was sufficient. The removed iron, manganese, and ammonia nitrogen move to the depth of the filter layer, and there will be ＂manganese dissolution＂ when the filtration rate is increased. Iron and ammonia nitrogen in the filter layer can be oxidized and removed simultaneously. Manganese is oxidized and removed after the iron and ammonia nitrogen. The effective oxidation and removal section of manganese, iron, and ammonia nitrogen are obviously graded.

关 键 词：低温 高铁锰氨氮 地下水 同池净化 启动 氧化去除区间 滤速 滤层厚度 

分 类 号：X523[环境科学与工程—环境工程]