有机磷酸酯在三峡库区土壤中污染特征  

Occurrence of Organophosphate Esters in Soils of the Three Gorges Reservoir

作　　者：何明靖[1,2] 杨婷[1] 杨志豪 魏世强[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学资源环境学院,重庆400715 [2]重庆市农业资源与环境研究重点实验室,重庆400716

出　　处：《环境科学》2017年第12期5256-5261,共6页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41403078);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(XDJK2016B042;XDJK2017D203);重庆市基础科学与前沿技术研究专项(cstc2016jcyjA0399)

摘　　要：本研究首次检测分析了三峡库区农田和消落带河段土壤样品中12种有机磷酸酯(organophosphate esters,OPEs)单体的含量水平,探讨了其组成特征,通过相关性和主成分分析阐明了其可能的来源.结果表明,Σ12OPEs在三峡库区农田和消落带土壤中的含量(以干重计,下同)范围分别为52.1~680 ng·g^(-1)和156~1 428 ng·g^(-1),均值分别为272 ng·g^(-1)和498ng·g^(-1),处于国内外研究的中等水平;OPEs在农田和消落带土壤中表现出不同的空间分布模式;在各个采样点中,OPEs在消落带土壤中的含量显著高于农田土壤中的含量;TCP和EHDPP是最主要的OPEs单体,两者贡献率超过90%,这可能与工业产品中OPEs不同的单体组成有一定关系,此外TBEP在土壤微生物中降解也不能完全排除;相关性分析结果显示OPEs在农田和消落带土壤中存在显著相关性(P<0.05),表明农田和消落带土壤中OPEs具有一部分相似的来源;主成分分析结果显示三峡库区农田土壤中OPEs主要来自建筑装潢材料以及室内源排放,而消落带土壤中OPEs可能是建筑材料以及交通源排放的复合来源.Organophosphate esters （ OPEs） were first identified and quantified in farmland and riparian soil in the Three Gorges Reservoir （TGR） of western China. The mean concentrations of OPEs were 272 ng·g - 1 dry weight （dw） in farmland soil and 498 ng·g - 1 dw in riparian soil. These values lie at the middle of the range of worldwide values. Hydrodynamic conditions might be important factors contributing to the slightly different spatial distribution of the OPEs. The concentrations of the OPEs in riparian soil exceed those in farmland soil, which could partly be ascribed to the operation of the Three Gorges Dam （TGD）. Of particular note is the elevated contribution of TCP, followed by EHDPP, accounting for more than 90% of the total OPEs, and the degradation of TBEP by microorganisms in the soil could be related to the low occurrence of TBEP. Significant correlation between the OPE concentrations in farmland and riparian soil were obtained, indicating that the OPEs in farmland and riparian soil originated from the same source. A principal component analysis （ PCA） showed that the OPEs in farmland soil might come largely from construction and decoration materials, and the OPEs in riparian soil may be derived from a combination of construction materials and vehicular traffic emissions.

关 键 词：三峡库区 土壤 有机磷酸酯 污染特征 主成分分析 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]