杭州市典型设施栽培土壤环境质量调查  

Soil environmental quality of typical protected farmlands in Hangzhou

作　　者：倪中应 石一珺 谢国雄[2] 章明奎[3] 

机构地区：[1]桐庐县农业和林业技术推广中心,浙江桐庐311500 [2]杭州市植保土肥总站,浙江杭州310020 [3]浙江大学环境与资源学院,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2017年第12期2091-2096,共6页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：浙江省农业厅"桐庐县农业‘两区’土壤污染治理试点试验";杭州市科技发展计划项目(20170432B23)

摘　　要：为了解杭州市设施栽培土壤的环境质量状况,选择27个代表性设施栽培蔬菜基地,采样分析了表层土壤中8种重金属、8种抗生素的含量,并与邻近的一般大田进行比较。结果表明,设施栽培土壤中铜、锌、镉、铅的平均含量分别比大田土壤高17.28%、18.36%、25.00%和17.82%,8种抗生素总量的平均值是大田土壤的4.91倍,表明设施栽培土壤中重金属、抗生素积累普遍高于一般大田。施用化肥和有机肥的设施栽培土壤中铜、锌、铬、铅、汞、砷的平均含量分别比只施用化肥的设施栽培土壤高54.86%、26.76%、16.80%、14.36%、50.56%和9.63%,且前者土壤中8种抗生素总量的平均值为后者的6.67倍。施用含重金属和抗生素的有机肥是导致设施栽培土壤污染物积累的重要原因之一。In order to understand soil environmental quality of protected farmlands in Hangzhou,soil samples were collected from 27 representative protected vegetable farmlands to investigate the contents of 8 kinds of heavy metals and 8 kinds of antibiotics,and the obtained data were compared with those of the adjacent open farmlands. The results showed that the average concentrations of soil Cu,Zn,Cd and Pb in the protected farmlands were 17. 28% ,18. 36% ,25. 00% ,and 17. 82% higher than those of the open farmlands,and the total concentration of the investigated antibiotics in the protected farmlands was 4. 91 times of that in the open farmlands. The accumulation of heavy metals and antibiotics in the protected farmlands was higher than that in the open farmland. The average concentrations of soil Cu,Zn,Cr,Pb,Hg and As in the protected farmlands with application of both chemical fertilizers and organic fertilizers were 54. 86% ,26. 76% ,16. 80% ,14. 36% ,50. 56% ,and 9. 63% higher than those in the protected lands with application of only chemical fertilizers. The total concentration of investigated antibiotics in the protected farmlands with application of both chemical fertilizers and organic fertilizers was 6. 67 times of that in the protected farmlands with application of only chemical fertilizers. The results indicated that application of organic fertiliz-er containing heavy metals and antibiotics was an important reason for the accumulation of above pollutants in the protected farmlands.

关 键 词：设施栽培 土壤环境质量 重金属 抗生素 

分 类 号：S53[农业科学—作物学]