气水喷嘴雾化特性实验研究  

Experimental research on atomization characteristics of air-water nozzle

作　　者：汲银凤 陈举师[1] 张波[1] 高康宁 

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学教育部金属矿山高效开采与安全重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2017年第12期27-32,共6页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51604018);北京市自然科学基金项目(8164060)

摘　　要：为研究不同类型气水喷嘴的雾化效果及气体流量和水流量对雾化效果的影响,基于实验室自行设计的气水喷雾实验系统,利用JL-3000型激光粒度分析仪及电磁流量计和转子流量计对气水喷嘴流量特性及最佳工况条件进行了实验研究。采用origin软件对数据进行分析得到雾化粒径及雾滴相对尺寸ΔS随气体流量及水流量的变化曲线,并以此衡量喷嘴的雾化效果。利用喷雾学、流体力学及多相流等理论对实验现象进行分析并得到喷嘴的最佳工况条件。实验结果表明:当水流量一定时,随着气体流量的增加,雾滴粒径减小速度由快变慢。当气体流量为80 L/min时,水流量为5 L/h即气液比为960时干雾喷嘴雾化效果最好,扇形喷嘴和锥形喷嘴气水流量分别为100 L/min,5 L/h和140 L/min,5 L/h,即气液比分别为1 200和1 680时其雾化效果最好。通过对比最佳雾化效果发现干雾喷嘴的雾滴粒径及雾滴相对尺寸最小,可以达到更好的雾化效果和经济效益。In order to study the atomization effect of air-water nozzles with different types and the influence of gas flow and water flow on the atomization effect,the experimental research on the flow characteristics of air-water nozzles and the optimum conditions was carried out by using the JL-3 000 laser particle size analyzer,electromagnetic flow meter and rotor flow meter based on the self-developed air-water atomization experimental system.The data was analyzed by using the Origin software,and the variation curves of atomization droplet size and relative size ΔS with the gas flow and water flow were obtained to measure the atomization effect of nozzles.The experimental phenomena were analyzed by using the theories of atomization,fluid dynamics and multiphase flow,then the optimum conditions of nozzles were obtained.The experimental results showed that when the water flow was constant,the reducing speed of droplet size changed from fast to slow with the increase of gas flow.When the gas flow was 80 L/min and the water flow was 5 L/h,namely the air-water ratio was 960,the atomization effect of dry spray nozzle was the best,while the conditions of best atomization effect for fan-type nozzle and conical-type noz-zle were respectively 100 L/min,5 L/h and 140 L/min,5 L/h,namely the air-water ratio was 1 200 and 1680 respec-tively.Through comparing the best atomization effect,it showed that the droplet size and relative size of dry spray nozzle were the minimum,which can achieve the best atomization effect and economic benefit.

关 键 词：气水喷嘴 雾滴粒径 最佳工况 雾化效果 

分 类 号：TD741.2[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]