2013-2015年内蒙古自治区流行性感冒流行病学特征与病原学分析  

Epidemiological characteristics and etiological analysis of influenza in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2013 to 2015

作　　者：王慧馨[1,2] 跃华 张宇耕 雷霞 郭卫东 WANG Hui-xin;YUE Hua;ZHANG Yu-geng;LEI Xia;GUO Wei-dong(Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010059, China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古医科大学,内蒙古呼和浩特010059 [2]巴彦淖尔市疾病预防控制中心,内蒙古巴彦淖尔015000 [3]内蒙古自治区综合疾病预防控制中心,内蒙古呼和浩特010031

出　　处：《中国病毒病杂志》2017年第6期431-435,共5页Chinese Journal of Viral Diseases

基　　金：内蒙古自然科学基金面上项目(2015MS08136)

摘　　要：目的分析2013-2015年度内蒙古地区流行性感冒(流感)流行病学特征,为今后流感防控工作提供科学依据。方法收集2013-2015年内蒙古地区流感监测哨点医院流感样病例(influenza-like illness,ILI)的鼻咽拭子标本,采用PCR方法进行病毒核酸检测,流感病毒核酸阳性标本接种马丁达比犬肾细胞(Madin-daiby canine kidney cells,MDCK)进行病毒分离,对分离后的毒株采用红细胞凝集试验(hemagglutination test,HA)及红细胞凝集抑制试验(hemagglutination inhibitoin test,HI)进行型别鉴定。结果2013-2015年,内蒙古地区流感病例占同期门急诊病例就诊总数的比例(ILI%)为1.76%~2.93%,平均为2.33%。对ILI病例采集鼻咽拭子标本23 721份,阳性标本数2 277份,阳性率9.60%。ILI病例数和ILI%均呈明显的季节性特征,有明显的冬春季高峰。0~岁组和5~岁组ILI构成比高于其他各年龄组。2013-2015年度各型别流感病毒均有检出,季节性H1只在2013年以较低构成比出现,之后再无检出;新甲型H1构成比逐年下降,季节性H3构成比逐年上升,取代新甲型H1成为新的优势株;乙型流感病毒呈逐年缓慢上升趋势,与季节性H3形成混合流行态势。结论 2013-2015年内蒙古地区ILI发病高峰为每年的冬春季,ILI监测结果和病原学监测结果特征基本一致,加强监测对于辖区内流感防控具有重要意义。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of influenza in Inner Mongolia area from 2013 to 2015. Methods The influenza like illness （ILI） data at the influenza surveillance sentinel hospitals in Inner Mongolia from 2013 to 2015 were collected and pathogenic tests were carried out for some cases. Resuits From 2013 to 2015, the percentage of ILI visits in Inner Mongolia area ranged from 1.76% to 2.93%, with an average of 2.33%. A total of 23 721 ILI samples were collected and among them, 2 277 were positive （9.60 % ）. The number of ILI cases and frequencies showed obvious peaks in winter and spring seasons. The ratio of ILI in 〈5 and ≥5 years age groups is higher than that of other age groups. All types of influenza virus were detected in each year although the seasonal H1 in 2013 was at a lower proportion new H1 decreased year by year while seasonal H3 increased year by year and became the dominant influenza strain. Influenza B showed a slowly rising trend and formed a mixed epidemic status with seasonal H3. Conclusions Winter and spring

关 键 词：内蒙古 流行性感冒 流行病学 病原学 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学] R511.7[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]