Occurrence and fate of endogenous steroid hormones,alkylphenol ethoxylates, bisphenol A and phthalates in municipal sewage treatment systems  

作　　者：Qian Wu James C.W.Lam Karen Y.Kwok Mirabelle M.P.Tsui Paul K.S.Lam 

机构地区：[1]State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution (SKLMP), Department of Biology and Chemistry, Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Sustainable Use of Marine Biodiversity, City University of Hong Kong [2]Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong of Kong

出　　处：《Journal of Environmental Sciences》2017年第11期49-58,共10页环境科学学报（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NFSC)-Research Grants Committee Joint Research Scheme (N_City U127/12);the National Natural Science Foundation (41276111);the General Research Fund (CityU 11338216, 11100614);Science Technology and Innovation Committee of Shenzhen Municipality (JCYJ20130401145617289);State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution (SKLMP) Director Discretionary Fund

摘　　要：Steroid hormones, alkylphenol ethoxylates（APEOs） and phthalic acid esters（PAEs） are emerging endocrine disrupting chemicals（EDCs） that can interfere with the endocrine function in organisms at low concentrations. The occurrence, distribution behavior, removal rate and the fate of 31 target EDCs in sewage treatment plants, which consist of various treatment facilities and receiving water in Hong Kong, were investigated. Estrone,nonylphenol-di-ethoxylate and diethyl phthalate were found to be dominant in each group of influent samples with concentrations ranging from 11–33, 747–3945 and 445–4635 ng/L,respectively. Conversely, progesterone, nonylphenol-mono-ethoxylate and bis（2-ethylhexyl）phthalate were the most abundant in dewatered sludge, with concentrations ranging from 0.9–237, 75–19,743 and 4310–37,016 ng/g（dry weight）. The removal rates of primary sedimentation and disinfection approaches were lower than 30% for most of the chemicals,while those of activated sludge and reverse osmosis were greater than 80% for more than two-thirds of the compounds, noticeably decreasing the estrogenic risk of sewage discharged into the environment. Steroid hormones were removed via biological degradation, while some APEOs and PAEs adsorbed to the sludge. Victoria Harbor poses a low to medium estrogenic risk mainly contributed by estrone and estradiol and deserves attention.Steroid hormones, alkylphenol ethoxylates（APEOs） and phthalic acid esters（PAEs） are emerging endocrine disrupting chemicals（EDCs） that can interfere with the endocrine function in organisms at low concentrations. The occurrence, distribution behavior, removal rate and the fate of 31 target EDCs in sewage treatment plants, which consist of various treatment facilities and receiving water in Hong Kong, were investigated. Estrone,nonylphenol-di-ethoxylate and diethyl phthalate were found to be dominant in each group of influent samples with concentrations ranging from 11–33, 747–3945 and 445–4635 ng/L,respectively. Conversely, progesterone, nonylphenol-mono-ethoxylate and bis（2-ethylhexyl）phthalate were the most abundant in dewatered sludge, with concentrations ranging from 0.9–237, 75–19,743 and 4310–37,016 ng/g（dry weight）. The removal rates of primary sedimentation and disinfection approaches were lower than 30% for most of the chemicals,while those of activated sludge and reverse osmosis were greater than 80% for more than two-thirds of the compounds, noticeably decreasing the estrogenic risk of sewage discharged into the environment. Steroid hormones were removed via biological degradation, while some APEOs and PAEs adsorbed to the sludge. Victoria Harbor poses a low to medium estrogenic risk mainly contributed by estrone and estradiol and deserves attention.

关 键 词：Endocrine disruptor Steroid hormone Alkylphenol ethoxylate Phthalic acid ester Risk assessment 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]